HEMA 1 QUIZ 1 Flashcards
Which of the following organs is responsible for the “pitting process” for RBCs?
A. Liver
B. Spleen
C. Kidney
D. Lymph nodes
Spleen
In which of the following conditions will autosplenectomy most likely occur?
A. Thalassemia major
B. Hgb C disease
C. Hgb SC disease
D. Sickle cell disease
Sickle cell disease
Which of the following is the preferable site for bone marrow aspiration and biopsy in an adult?
A. Iliac crest
B. Sternum
C. Tibia
D. Spinous processes of a vertebra
Iliac crest
A Miller disk is an ocular device used to facilitate counting of:
A. Platelets
B. Reticulocytes
C. Sickle cells
D. Nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs)
Reticulocytes
What staining method is used most frequently to stain and manually count reticulocytes?
A. Immunofluorescence
B. Supravital staining
C. Romanowsky staining
D. Cytochemical staining
Supravital staining
What is the major type of leukocyte seen in the peripheral smear of a patient with aplastic anemia?
A. Segmented neutrophil
B. Lymphocyte
C. Monocyte
D. Eosinophil
Lymphocyte
Which is the first stage of erythrocytic maturation in which the cytoplasm is pink due to the formation of hemoglobin?
A. Reticulocyte
B. Pronormoblast
C. Basophilic normoblast
D. Polychromatic normoblast
Polychromatic normoblast
Which antibiotic(s) is (are) most often implicated in the development of aplastic anemia?
A. Sulfonamides
B. Penicillin
C. Tetracycline
D. Chloramphenicol
Chloramphenicol
Which of the following conditions may produce spherocytes in a peripheral smear?
A. Pelger–Huet anomaly
B. Pernicious anemia
C. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
D. Sideroblastic anemia
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
What red cell inclusion may be seen in the peripheral blood smear of a patient postsplenectomy?
A. Toxic granulation
B. Howell–Jolly bodies
C. Malarial parasites
D. Siderotic granules
Howell–Jolly bodies
Reticulocytosis usually indicates:
A. Response to inflammation
B. Neoplastic process
C. Aplastic anemia
D. Red cell regeneration
Red cell regeneration
Which morphological classification is characteristic of megaloblastic anemia?
A. Normocytic, normochromic
B. Microcytic, normochromic
C. Macrocytic, hypochromic
D. Macrocytic, normochromic
Macrocytic, normochromic
Which anemia is characterized by a lack of intrinsic factor that prevents B12 absorption?
A. Tropical sprue
B. Transcobalamin deficiency
C. Blind loop syndrome
D. Pernicious anemia
Pernicious anemia
All of the following are characteristics of megaloblastic anemia except:
A. Pancytopenia
B. Elevated reticulocyte count
C. Hypersegmented neutrophils
D. Macrocytic erythrocyte indices
Elevated reticulocyte count
A patient with a vitamin B12 anemia is given a high dosage of folate. Which of the following is expected as a result of this treatment?
A. An improvement in neurological problems
B. An improvement in hematological abnormalities
C. No expected improvement
D. Toxicity of the liver and kidneys
An improvement in hematological abnormalities
Which of the following disorders is associated with ineffective erythropoiesis?
A. G6PD deficiency
B. Liver disease
C. Hgb C disease
D. Megaloblastic anemia
Megaloblastic anemia
The macrocytes typically seen in megaloblastic processes are:
A. Crescent-shaped
B. Teardrop-shaped
C. Ovalocytic
D. Pencil-shaped
Ovalocytic
Which of the following are most characteristic of the red cell indices associated with megaloblastic anemias?
A. MCV 99 fl, MCH 28 pg, MCHC 31%
B. MCV 62 fL, MCH 27 pg, MCHC 30%
C. MCV 125 fL, MCH 36 pg, MCHC 34%
D. MCV 78 fL, MCH 23 pg, MCHC 30%
MCV 125 fL, MCH 36 pg, MCHC 34%
A patient has 80 nucleated red blood cells per 100 leukocytes. In addition to increased polychromasiaon the peripheral smear, what other finding may be present on the CBC?
A. Increased platelets
B. Increased MCV
C. Increased Hct
D. Increased red blood cell count
Increased MCV
PV is characterized by:
A. Increased plasma volume
B. Pancytopenia
C. Decreased oxygen saturation
D. Absolute increase in total red cell mass
Absolute increase in total red cell mass
The erythrocytosis seen in relative polycythemia occurs because of
A. Decreased arterial oxygen saturation
B. Decreased plasma volume of circulating blood
C. Increased erythropoietin levels
D. Increased erythropoiesis in the bone marrow
Decreased plasma volume of circulating blood
Secondary or Absolute Polycythemia – Hypoxia (like Pneumonia, COPD, CHF) Tataas ang EPO Tataas ang RBC
relative polycythemia Bumaba ang plasma volume/water (dehydration, burns, diarrhea) -> Magmumukhang mataas ang RBC
What is the first type of cell produced by the developing embryo?
A. Erythrocyte
B. Granulocyte
C. Lymphocyte
D. Thrombocyte
Erythrocyte
*These primitive red cells produce embryonic hemoglobins that temporarily serve oxygen needs of the fetus
Which of the following is not characteristic of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells?
A. Possess self-renewal ability
B. Produce progenitor cells committed to a single cell lineage
C. Express the stem cell marker CD 13
D. Are morphologically unrecognizable
Express the stem cell marker CD 13
*Stem cells and progenitor cells cannot be morphologically distinguished (look similar to small lymphocytes) but can be identified phenotypically by markers such as the stem cell marker CD34
In the third month of gestation, what is the primary site of hematopoiesis?
A. Liver
B. Marrow of long bones
C. Spleen
D. Yolk sac
Liver
*The liver of the fetus assumes responsibility for hematopoiesis about the second month of gestation
The mechanism that relays information about tissue oxygen levels to erythropoietin- producing sites is located in the
A. Brain
B. Kidney
C. Liver
D. Spleen
Kidney
*EPO acts on RBC progenitor cells,
Production: 90% Kidneys, 10% liver
What is the approximate total blood volume in an adult?
A. 1L
B. 2L
C. 6L
D. 12L
6L
As most blood cell lines mature, which of the following is characteristic?
A. Cell diameter increases
B. Nucleus to cytoplasm ratio (N:C) decreases
C. Nuclear chromatin becomes less condensed
D. Basophilia of the cytoplasm increases
Nucleus to cytoplasm ratio (N:C) decreases
Which of the following describes thrombopoietin (TPO)?
A. Renal hormone that regulates marrow red cell production
B. Marrow hormone secreted by developing megakaryoblasts
C. Hormone produced by the liver that stimulates megakaryopoiesis
D. Pituitary hormone that controls platelet sequestration by the spleen
Hormone produced by the liver that stimulates megakaryopoiesis
When the hepatic phase of fetal life is reactivated in an adult, hematopoiesis can be termed
A. Myeloid or medullary
B. Myeloid metaplasia or extramedullary
C. Myelophthisis or myelodysplasia
D. Mesoblastic or mesenchymal
Myeloid metaplasia or extramedullary
*Hematopoiesis that occurs in the liver and spleen (reactivation of fetal life) is called extramedullary or myeloid metaplasia (organs may enlarge)
Which of the following describes the process known as culling?
A. Release of red cells from the bone marrow
B. Binding of free hemoglobin by transport proteins
C. Incorporation of iron into protoporphyrin IX
D. Removal of abnormal red cells by the spleen
Removal of abnormal red cells by the spleen