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Hem-Onc > Hem - Onc: Alkylating Agents > Flashcards

Hem - Onc: Alkylating Agents Flashcards

1
Q

Cyclophosphamide: mech

A

Covalently X-link (interstrand) DNA at guanine N-7. Requires bioactivation by liver

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2
Q

Cyclophosphamide: uses

A

Solid tumors, leukemia, lymphomas, and some brain cancers

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3
Q

Cyclophosphamide: tox

A

Myelosuppression; hemorrhagic cystitis, partially prevented with mesna (thiol group of mesna binds toxic metabolites)

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4
Q

Mesna prevents what side effect of what drug:

A

Hemorrhagic cystitis of Cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide

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5
Q

Ifosfamide: mech

A

Covalently X-link (interstrand) DNA at guanine N-7. Requires bioactivation by liver

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6
Q

Ifosfamide: uses

A

Solid tumors, leukemia, lymphoma, some brain cancers

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7
Q

Ifosfamide: tox

A

Myelosuppression; hemorrhagic cystitis, partially prevented with mesna (thiol group of mesna binds toxic metabolites)

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8
Q

Nitrosoureas:

A

Carmustine, Lomustine, Semustine, Streptozocin

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9
Q

Carmustine: mech

A

Require bioactivation. Cross BBB –> CNS
Cross-links DNA
Highly lipid soluble

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10
Q

Carmustine: uses

A

Brain tumors (including glioblastoma multiforme)

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11
Q

Carmustine: tox

A

CNS Toxicity (convulsions, dizziness, ataxia)

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12
Q

Lomustine: mech

A

Require bioactivation. Cross BBB –> CNS
Cross-links DNA
Highly lipid soluble

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13
Q

Lomustine: uses

A

Brain tumors (including glioblastoma multiforme)

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14
Q

Lomustine: tox

A

CNS toxicity (convulsions, dizziness, ataxia)

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15
Q

Semustine: mech

A

Require bioactivation.
Cross BBB –> CNS
Cross-links DNA
Highly lipid soluble

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16
Q

Semustine: uses

A

Brain tumors (including glioblastoma multiforme)

17
Q

Semustine: tox

A

CNS toxicity (convulsions, dizziness, ataxia)

18
Q

Streptozocin: mech

A

Require bioactivation
Cross BBB –> CNS
Cross-links DNA
Highly lipid soluble

19
Q

Streptozocin: uses

A 
Brain tumors (including glioblastoma multiforme)
Metastatic islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas
20
Q

Streptozocin: tox

A

CNS toxicity (convulsions, dizziness, ataxia)

21
Q

Busulfan: mech

A

Cross-links DNA

22
Q

Busulfan: uses

A

CML. Also used to ablate pts bone marrow before bone marrow transplant

23
Q

Busulfan: toxicity

A

Severe myelosuppression (in almost all cases), pulmonary fibrosis, hyperpigmentation

Hem-Onc (9 decks)

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