helicopter components Flashcards
HELICOPTER MAJOR COMPONENTS
AIRFRAME
FUSELAGE
LANDING GEAR
POWERPLANT
TRANSMISSION MAIN
ROTOR SYSTEM
ANTITORQUE SYSTEM
Fundamental structure, of a helicopter can be made of either METAL or WOOD, COMPOSITE MATERIALS, or some combination of the two
AIRFRAME
LANDING GEAR
of helicopters
Skids and wheels
simple and lighter weight, so it is the best choice for small helicopters as weight is always a consideration.
SKIDS
helicopter can ground taxi (as opposed to hover taxi) around other aircraft and people without worrying about producing a high downwash.
WHEELS
The two most common types of engine used in helicopters are the
RECIPROCATING ENGINE
TURBINE ENGINE.
, also called piston engines, are generally used in smaller helicopters.
Reciprocating engines
Are more powerful and are used in a wide variety of helicopters
TURBINE ENGINE
transfers power from the engine to the main rotor, tail rotor, and other accessories during normal flight conditions
transmission system
- reduces engine output rpm to optimum rotor rpm. This reduction is different for the various helicopters.
MAIN ROTOR TRANSMISSION
- also called Tail Rotor Drive Line or Tail Drive Line, runs from the rear cover of the main gearbox to the disconnect coupling at the intermediate gearbox.
TAIL ROTOR DRIVE SYSTEM
- allows the engine to be started and then gradually pick up the load of the rotor.
CLUTCH
- Since lift in a helicopter is provided by rotating airfoils, these airfoils must be free to rotate if the engine fails.
FREEWHEELING UNIT
The rotor consists of a
mast, hub, and rotor blades.
- is a cylindrical metal shaft that extends upwards from and is driven, and sometimes supported, by the transmission
MAST
At the top of the mast is the attachment point for the rotor blades
HUB -
- are attached to the hub by any number of different methods
ROTOR BLADES
three basic classifications of main rotor system:
rigid, semirigid, or fully articulated.
- In this system, the rotor blades are rigidly attached to the main rotor hub and are not free to slide back and forth (drag) or move up and down (flap).
RIGID ROTOR SYSTEM
- makes use of a teetering hinge at the blade attach point
SEMIRIGID ROTOR SYSTEM
- provide hinges that allow the rotors to move fore and aft, as well as up and down
FULLY ARTICULATED ROTOR SYSTEM
Helicopters with a single, main rotor system require a separate
antitorque system.
for every action (force) in nature there is an equal and opposite reaction
NEWTON’S THIRD LAW
types of tail rotors
bladed tail rotor
fenestrone
notar
the most common type of antitorque system that you will see on a helicopter
BLADED TAIL ROTOR
This system uses a series of rotating blades shrouded within a vertical tail.
FENESTRONE
stands for No Tail Rotor
NOTAR
Is an alternative to the antitorque rotor
notar
KINDS OF HELICOPTER
SINGLE ROTOR HELICOPTER
TANDEM ROTOR HELICOPTER
COAXIAL HELICOPTER
COMPOUND HELICOPTER
TILT ROTOR HELICOPTER
INTERMESHING ROTOR HELICOPTER
