Aircraft components Flashcards
A device with two or more blades which converts the rotary motion from an engine to make the airplane move forward
Propeller
MAIN AIRPLANE COMPONENTS
Power plant
Fuselage
Wings
Empennage
Landing gear
A part of the airplane that provides a mechanical energy to generate thrust
Power plant
Is the main body of an airplane
Fuselage
Is the tail Section assembly of an airplane
Empennage
The part of the airplane that supports the weight of an airplane on ground and used mostly during taxiing, take off and landing phase of the flight
Landing Gear
are airfoils attached to each side of the fuselage and are the main lifting surfaces that support the airplane in flight.
Wings
4 most commonly used fuselage
Truss
Monocoque
semi-monocoque
Geodesic
uses wood/steel
truss
The exterior surface of the fuselage is also the primary structure.
Monocoque
features a cross-section frame that’s joined together with stringers
Semi - monocoqueConstruction
features a basket-like woven construction
GeodesicConstruction
one wing plane
The wing may be mounted at various positions relative to thefuselage
Monoplane
two wing planes of similar size, stacked one above the other
Bi plane
three planes stacked one above another.
Tri plane
mounted near or below the bottom of the fuselage
Low wing
mounted approximately halfway up the fuselage
Mid wing
mounted on the upper fuselage. When contrasted to the shoulder wing, applies to a wing mounted on a projection (
High wing
wings can be classified into
wing shape
wing location
number of wings
number of wings
mono plane
bi plane
tri plane
Mono plane wing location
low wing
mid wing
high wing
types of wing shapes
straight wing
delta wing
tapered wing
sweep-back wing
variable geometry wing
Another way to reduce drag while increasing strength is with a trapezoid-shaped wing
tapered wing
is awingshaped in the form of a triangle
Delta wing
is a wing that angles either backward or occasionally forward from its root rather than in a straight sideways direction.
Swept back wing
known as a “swing wing”, is anairplanewing, or set of wings, that may be swept back and then returned to its original position during flight
Variable geometry wing
what are the wing components
wing flaps
spar
fuel tank
skin
aileron
ribs
stringers
wingtip
are the main support of the structure of wings
Ribs
helps to connect and intact the ribs and other parts
Stringers
Is the coating of the structure
Skin
one of the longitudinal members of the wing of an airplane that carry the wings
Spar
are control surfaces attached to each wing that move in the opposite direction from one another to control roll about the longitudinal axis.
Ailerons
are attached to the trailing edge of the wing and are used during approach and landing to increase wing lift
Wing Flaps
Adds lift and can make your airplane take off at short distances
Wing Flaps Operation during take-off
Increases the angle of descent without increasing your airspeed
(Slow flights)
Wing Flaps Operation during approach/landing
When an airplane turns right, right aileron will deflect upward, and the left aileron will deflect downward.
Ailerons’ position during maneuvers
part of your empennage component that helps stabilize your horizontal component
Horizontal stabilizer
part of your empennage component that helps stabilize your vertical component
Vertical stabilizer
attached to your vertical stabilizer that helps you to yaw your airplane
Rudder
attached to your horizontal stabilizer that makes your airplane pitch up or pitch down
Elevator
empennage components
horizontal stabilizer
vertical stabilizer
rudder’
elevator
trim tabs
Consist the Elevator
Horizontal Stabilizer
is the primary control device for changing the “PITCH” attitude of an airplane
Elevator
How do you operate the elevator?
By pulling or pushing the yoke/stick
controls movement of the aircraft about its vertical axis. The movement it called “YAW”
Rudder
How do you operate the rudders?
By stepping and pushing the rudder pedals
Different Designs of Empennage
conventional
t-tail
triple tail
h-tail
cruciform
v tail
inverted v-tail
twin boom tail
y-tail
This design is structurally more compact and aerodynamically more efficient.Also known as Low Tail.
Conventional Type
In which the horizontal stabilizer is mounted on top of the fin creating a “T” shape.
T-tail Type
Same with conventional type the only purpose is to fit the tail section in a regular hangar.
Triple-tail Type
its tail is shaped like an H
H-tail Type
In which the horizontal stabilizers are placed midway up the vertical stabilizer, giving the appearance of a cross.
Cruciform Type
It has the “ruddervator” a combination of rudder and elevator in a butterfly tail (V-tail).
V-tail Type
It has the “ruddervator” a combination of rudder and elevator in a butterfly tail (V-tail). This one is only inverted.
Inverted V-tail Type
Are designed with two structural components (booms) extending rearward from the mainfuselage, with the empennage (tail assembly) located between them.
Twin Boom tail Type
It has a “ruddervator” which common in a V-tail design and it has a small rudder at the base of tail hence the shape “Y”.
Y-tail Type
Two types of landing gear
Fixed landing gear
retractable landing gear
Types of tricycle landing gear
tail wheel
nose wheel
Always remains extended and has the advantage of simplicity combined with low Maintenance.
Fixed Landing Gear
This landing can be extended and retracted or stowed inside the fuselage or structure during cruising flight
Retractable Landing Gear
It allows more forceful application of the brakes during landings at high speeds without causing the aircraft to nose over.
Tricycle
Two wheels below of fuselage and one wheel below the empennage
Tail Wheel
One wheel in the nose part and two below the fuselage
Nose wheel
a propeller that leonardo da vinci made
aerial screw
Types of Propeller
Fixed Pitch propeller
Adjustable Pitch propeller
is set at installation and cannot be changed during aircraft operation.
fixed pitch propeller
Under Adjustable Pitch
Constant Speed or Controllable Pitch
it permits the pitot to select the blade angle for the most efficient performance.
controllable pitch or constant speed
