finals Flashcards
What happens if you have a higher angle of attack?
Stalls
is caused by the separation of airflow from the wing’s upper surface. This results in a rapid decrease in lift.
Stall
Factors Affecting Stall:
Weight
Flaps
Angle of attack
Center of gravity location
Load factor
Frost, Snow and Ice
Turbulence
Types of Stall
Power – off stall
Power – on stall
are practiced to simulate the conditions and aircraft configuration you will most likely encounter during a normal landing approach.
Power – off stall
This stalls are normally encountered during takeoff, climb-out, and go-arounds when the pilot fails to maintain proper control due to premature flap retraction or excessive nose-high trim.
Power – on stall
Stalls can be recognized by
mushy feeling in the flight controls
less control effect as the aircraft’s speed decreases.
reduction in control effectiveness is primarily due to reduced airflow over the flight control surfaces
a loss of revolutions per minute
a reduction in the sound of air flowing along the fuselage
buffering of stall horn, uncontrollable pitching, or vibrations
Sinking feeling
How to recover from a Power – Off stall?
Release back pressure on the yoke/stick
Add full power
Level the wings with coordinated aileron and rudder
Retract flaps
How to recover from a Power – On stall?
Release back pressure on the yoke/stick
Level the wings with coordinated aileron and rudder
What happens when you are not on a level flight and you went to stall?
SPIN
How to recover from a spin?
Use the PARE method
what is the PARE method
P – Power to idle
A – ailerons neutral
R – Rudders in full opposite side
E – Elevator back pressure
What is Stability?
is the characteristic of an airplane in flight that causes it to return to a condition of equilibrium, or steady flight, after it is disturbed.
What is Maneuverability ?
is the characteristic of an airplane that permits you to maneuver it easily and allows it to withstand the stress resulting from the maneuvers.
What is Controllability?
is the capability of an airplane to respond to your control inputs, especially with regard to attitude and flight path.
The three axis of flight
Longitudinal axis
Lateral axis
Vertical axis
Types of Stability
Static Stability
Dynamic Stability
Static and Dynamic Stability
Longitudinal Stability
Lateral Stability
Directional Stability
The initial tendency to return to the position from which it was displaced is termed
Static Stability
Static Stability Can be described as:
POSITIVE STATIC STABILITY
NEGATIVE STATIC STABILITY
NEUTRAL STATIC STABILITY
AN AIRCRAFT’S INITIAL TENDENCY TO RETURN TO ITS ORIGINAL POSITION ONCE DISTURBED
Positive Static Stability
TENDENCY TO CONTINUE AWAY FROM THE ORIGINAL POSITION
Negative Static Stability
TENDENCY TO REMAIN AT THE NEW POSITION.
Neutral Static Stability
However, since the aircraft doesn’t immediately return to the original position, but instead does so over a period of time through a series of successively smaller oscillations,
Dynamic Stability
3 classifications of dynamic stability
POSITIVE DYNAMIC STABILITY
NEUTRAL DYNAMIC STABILITY
NEGATIVE DYNAMIC STABILITY
IS THE TENDENCY OF AN AIRCRAFT TO DAMPEN TOWARD ORIGINAL POSITION ONCE DISTURBED
Positive Dynamic Stability
IS THE TENDENCY OF AN AIRCRAFT TO DAMPEN BACK TO ITS ORIGINAL POSITION ONCE DISTURBED TO A NEW POSITION
Neutral Dynamic Stability
IS THE TENDENCY OF AN AIRCRAFT TO TREND AWAY FROM ITS ORIGINAL POSITION ONCE DISTRUBED
Negative Dynamic Stability
THE TENDENCY OF AN AIRCRAFT TO RETURN TO THE TRIMMED ANGLE OF ATTACK.
STABILITY ABOUT THE AIRPLANE’S LATERAL AXIS
Longitudinal Stability
THE TENDENCY OF AN AIRCRAFT TO RESIST ROLL.
STABILITY ABOUT THE AIRPLANE’S LONGITUDINAL AXIS
Lateral Stability
THE TENDENCY OF AN AIRCRAFT TO RESIST YAWING.
STABILITY ABOUT THE AIRPLANE’S VERTICAL AXIS
Directional Stability
A usually beneficial influence on aircraft performance which occurs while you are flying close to the ground. It results from a reduction in upwash, downwash, and wingtip vortices which provide a corresponding decrease in induced drag.
Ground Effect
