Heel (calcaneus) Test

Question 1

How much CR angulation is recomended on an PA axial proejction of the clavicle?

a.) 15 to 30 degrees caudal
b.) 0 to 15 defrees cephalic
c.) no CR angulation should be used for this projection
d.) 45 degrees cephalic

Answer 1

a.) 15 to 30 degrees caudal

Question 2

Which of the following views must be included on acute abodmen series? Choose all that apply.

a.) PA chest
b.) erect upright abodmen
c.) supine abdomen
d.) lateral chest

Answer 2

a.) PA chest
b.) erect upright abdomen
c.) supine abdomen

Question 3

Which of the following evaluation criteria are demonstrated on the supine abdomen? Choose all that apply.

a.) outline of liver, spleen, kidneys and stomach
b.) bowel segments
c.) symphisis pubis
d.) ischial tuberosity

Answer 3

a.) outline of liver, spleen kidneys and stomach
b.) bowel segments
c.) symphisis pubis

Question 4

Which of the following is the essential lateral projection of the calcaneus?

a.) lateromedial oblique weight bearing
b.) lateral (mediolateral
c.) lateromedial oblique
d.) lateral lateromedial

Answer 4

b.) lateral (mediolateral)

Question 5

Which of the following evaluaton criteria are demonstrated on the supine abodmen? Choose all that apply.

a.) outline of liver, spleen, kidneys and stomach
b.) bowel segments
c.) symphisis pubis
d.) ischial tuberosity

Answer 5

a.) outline of live, spleen, kidneys and stomach
b.) bowel segments
c.) symphisis pubis

Question 6

Whereis the central ray directed on the supine abdomen projection?

a.) perpendicular to level of iliac crest
b.) 2” above iliac crest
c.) 1” above iliac crest
d.) 1” below iliac crest

Answer 6

a.) perpendicular to level of iliac crest

Question 7

Which of the following evaluation criteria are demonstrated on the lateral projection of the hand? Choose all that apply.

a.) entire hand only
b.) 1/2’’ of distal forearm
c.) 1’’ of distal forearm
d.) fingers should appear equally seperated

Answer 7

c.) 1’’ of distal forearm
d.) fingers should appear equally seperated

Question 8

Which of the following evaluation criteria are demonstrated on the PA digits? Choose all that apply.

a.) distal
b.) middle
c.) proximal
d.) distal metacarpals

Answer 8

a.) distal
b.) middle
c.) proximal
d.) distal metacarpals

Question 9

What is the correct obliquity for PA oblique hand projection?

a.) 10 degrees
b.) 20 degrees
c.) 30 degrees
d.) 45 degrees

Answer 9

d.) 45 degrees

Question 10

Evaluation Criteria: Axial Heel

1.) no rotation of heel
2.) tuberosity in profile
3.) first or fifth metatarsals not projected to sides of foot
4.) calcaneus and subtalar joint
5.) sinus tarsi open

a.) 1 only
b.) 1 and 3 only
c.) 2 and 5
d.) 1, 3 and 4

Answer 10

d.) 1, 3 and 4

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct CR direction for the AP Axial calcaneus projection?

a.) base of second metatarsal
b.) base of third metatarsal
c.) 1/5’’ inferior to medial malleolus
d.) 1’’ inferior to medial malleolus

Answer 11

b.) base of third metatarsal

Question 12

Which of the following evaluation criteria are demonstrated on PA hand projection? Choose all that apply.

a.) PA of entire hand
b.) 1’’ distal forearm
c.) oblique view of the thumb
d.) 1/2’’ of distal forearm

Answer 12

a.) PA of entire hand
b.) 1’’ distal forearm
c.) oblique view of the thumb

Question 13

Which of the following evaluation criteria should be demonstrated on the oblique digit projections? Choose all that apply

a.) 45 degree oblique of distal, middle and proximal phalanges
b.) distal metacarpal
c.) no superimposition of adjacent fingers
d.) joint spaces should be open

Answer 13

a.) 45 degree oblique of distal, middle and proximal phalanges
b.) distal metacarpal
c.) no superimposition of adjacent fingers
d.) joint spaces should be open

Question 14

Which of the following evaluation criteria should demonstrate the correct 45 degree obliquity on the PA oblqiue projection of the hand? Choose all that apply.

a.) some overlap of distal head of 3rd, 4th and 5th metatarsals
b.) mcp and ip joint open without foreshortening of midphalanges or distal phalanges
c.) midshafts of metacarpals should not be overlapped
d.) no overlap of distal 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

Answer 14

a.) some overlap of distal head of 3rd, 4th and 5th metatarsals
b.) mcp and ip joint open without foreshortening of midphalanges or distal phalanges]
c.) midshafts of metacarpals should not be overlapped
d.) no overlap of distal 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

Question 15

Which of the following evaluation criteria should be demonstrated on the lateral thumb? Choose all that apply.

a.) distal phalange
b.) proximal phalange
c.) first metacarpal
d.) concave shape or anterior surface
e.) ip and mcp joints open
f.) middle phalange
g.) dip joint

Answer 15

a) distal phalange
b.) proximal phalange
c.) first metacarpal
d.) concave shape on anterior surface
e.) ip and mcp joints open

Question 16

The bony projection of the upper, medial aspect of the calcaneus that creates a shelf to hold the head of the talus is the

a.) talocalcaneal projection
b.) sustentaculum tali
c.) tuberosity
d.) calcaneal sulcus

Answer 16

b.) sustentaculum tali

Question 17

What is the main purpose for obtainign an upright abdomen projection? Choose all that apply.

a.) looking for free air
b.) to look at the bladder
c.) looking for air fluid levels
d.) to better visulaize the colon

Answer 17

a.) looking for free air
c.) looking for air fluid levels

Question 18

Evaluation Criteria: lateral heel

1.) no rotation of heel
2.) tuberosity in profile
3.) first or fifth metatarsals not projected to sides of foot
4.) calcaneus and subtalar joint
5.) sinus tarsi open

a.) 1, 2 and 5
b.) 1 only
c.) 2 and 4
d.) 5 only

Answer 18

a.) 1, 2 and 5

Question 19

How much CR angulation to the long axis of the foot is required for the plantodorsal axial projection of the calcaneus

a.) 45-50
b.) 40
c.) 15 to 20
d.) 30 to 35

Answer 19

b.) 40

Question 20

WHich of the following is another name for abdomen series? Choose all that apply.

a.) acute abodmen series
b.) two way
c.) three way
d.) PA chest

Answer 20

a.) acute abdomen series
b.) two way
c.) three way

Question 21

Which of the following parts should be checked for no rotation on the supine abdomen?

a.) shoulders
b.) bladder
c.) pelvis
d.) femurs

Answer 21

a.) shoulders
c.) pelvis

Question 22

What is the purpose for centering 2’’ above the iliac crest on the upright abdomen?

a.) to lnclude bladder
b.) to include iliac crest
c.) to include pubis symphisis
d.) to include diaphragm

Answer 22

d.) to include diaphragm

Question 23

Which of the following objects should be available in the radiography room for performing radiographsof the lower limB?
1.) angle sponges
2.) sandbags
3.) pull straps

Answer 23

1, 2 and 3

Question 24

Which of the following evaluation criteria should be demonstrated on the lateral projection of digits 2-5? Choose all that apply.

a.) lateral distal, middle and proximal phalanges
b.) true lateral is indicated by covcave appearance of anterior phalanges
c.) interphalangeal joints open
d.) metacarpophalangeal joint open

Answer 24

a.) lateral distal, middle and proximal phalanges
b.) true lateral is indicated by concave appearance of anterior phalanges
c.) interphalangeal joint open
d.) metacarpophalangeal joint open

Question 25

Which of the following evaluation criteria positions are demonstrated on the PA digits? Choose all that pply.

a.) no rotation is evident by concavities of shaft of phalanges and metacarpals
b.) equal tissue on each side of phalanges
c.) fingers seperated with no soft tissue overlap
d.) interphalangeal joints open

Answer 25

a.) no rotation is evident by concavities of shaft of phalanges and metacarpals
b.) equal tissue on each side of phalanges
c.) fingers seperated with no soft tissue overlap
d.) interphalangeal jioints open

Question 26

Which of the following evaluation criteria should be demonstrated on oblqiue thumb? Choose all that apply.

a.) distal phalynx
b.) proximal phalynx
c.) first metacarpal
d.) trapezium
e.) ip joint is open
f.) mcp joint is open
g.) dip joint is open

Answer 26

a.) distal phalynx
b.) proximal phalynx
c.) first metacarpal
d.) trapezium
e.) ip joint is open
f.) mcp joint is open

Question 27

Which of the following evaluation criteria should be demonstrated on AP thumb projection? Choose all that apply.

a.) distal and proximal phalanges
b.) first metacarpal
c.) trapezium
d.) interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joint open

Answer 27

a.) distal and proximal phalanges
b.) first metacarpal
c.) trapezium
d.) interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joint open

Question 28

For an axial projection of the calcaneus the ankle should be dorsiflexed so the plantar surface of the foot is:

a.) perpendicular to the central ray
b.) 90 degrees from the plane of the IR
c.) parallel with the centtral ray
d.) 70 degree from the plane of the IR

Answer 28

b.) 90 degrees from the plane of the IR

Question 29

For the alternative PA projection of the clavicle the radiographer and or student should to which of the following o the CR angulation?

a.) CR should be cephalad
b.) CR should be perpendicular
c.) CR should be reversed to caudad angle

Answer 29

c.) CR should be reversed to caudad angle

Question 30

Which structure or bone calcaneus contains the sustentaculum tali?

a.) tibia
b.) calcaneus
c.) case of fifth metatarsal
d.) talus

Answer 30

b.) calcaneus

Question 31

What is the purpose for performing acute abdomen series? Choose all that apply.

a.) air fluid levels
b.) gas
c.) free air
d.) fecal material

Answer 31

a.) air fluid levels
c.) free air

Question 32

Which of the following evaluation criteria should be demonstrated on AP thumb projection? Choose all that apply.

a.) interphalangeal joint should be open
b.) no rotation indicated by concave sides of phalanges
c.) equal amount of soft tissue on each side of phalanges
d.) DIP joint should be open

Answer 32

a.) interphalangeal joint should be open
b.) no rotation indicated by concave sides of phalanges
c.) equal amount of soft tissue on each side of phalanges

Question 33

Where does the central ray enter on the axial projection of the calcaneus?

a.) base of the fifth metatarsal
b.) base of the third metatarsal
c.) mid heel
d.) mid foot

Answer 33

b.) base of the third metatarsal

Question 34

Which of the following evaluation criteria are demonstrated on supine abdomen? Choose all that apply.

a.) no rotation iliac wings obturator formen
b.) ischial spines symmetric
c.) outer margin of ribs same distance from the spune
d.) rotation of ribs

Answer 34

a.) no rotation on iliac wings obturator foramen
b.) ischial spines symmetric
c.) outer margin of ribs same distance from the spine

Question 35

What is the correct position of the fingeres on a lateral thumb projection?

a.) fingers out straight
b.) fingers should be arched
c.) fingers should be obliqued

Answer 35

b.) fingers should be arched