Heart: Walls Heart Chambers and Valves

Question 1

4 chambers of heart

Answer 1

two on the left and two on the right

Atria
Ventricles

Question 2

Atria

Answer 2

are the two upper chambers.

Function is to receive blood returning to the heart.

walls are thin.

Question 3

Ventricles

Answer 3

the two lower chambers.

Function is to receive blood from the atria and contract forcing the blood out of the heart into the arteries.

Question 4

Septum

Answer 4

solid, wall-like structure which separates the atria and the ventricle on the left from those on the right

-keeps the blood within those chambers from mixing.

Interventricular septum
Interatrial septum

Question 5

Valves

Answer 5

Atrioventricular

Semilunar

Question 6

Atrioventricular valves

Answer 6

Tricuspid valve	(RIght)
Bicuspid (mitral) valve   (Left)

Question 7

Semilunar valves

Answer 7

Pulmonary valve

Aortic valve

Question 8

TWO MAJOR CARDIOVASCULAR CIRCUITS

Answer 8

1. Pulmonary circuit

2. Systemic circuit

Question 9

two-sided simultaneous pump

Answer 9

the right side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs to become oxygenated and the left side of the heart pumps that oxygenated blood out to the body.

Question 10

Pulmonary circuit

Answer 10

Transports blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart again.

Upon entering the circuit, the blood is low in oxygen concentration and high in carbon dioxide concentration.

Question 11

Systemic circuit

Answer 11

Transports blood from the heart to the body cells and back to the heart again.

Upon entering the circuit, the blood is high in oxygen concentration and low in carbon dioxide concentration.

Question 12

PATHS OF Blood vessels CIRCULATION

Answer 12

two major pathways:
Pulmonary circuit
Systemic circuit

Question 13

Pulmonary circuit

Answer 13

consists of vessels that carry blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart.

Question 14

Systemic circuit

Answer 14

consists of vessels that carry blood from the heart to all other parts of the body and back again.

Question 15

Heart Chambers and Valves

Answer 15

ensures that one way blood flow

Question 16

Pulmonary Circuit Process

Answer 16

1. Blood enters the pulmonary circuit as it leaves the right ventricle through the pulmonary trunk.
2. The pulmonary trunk divides into the right and left pulmonary arteries, which penetrate the right and left lungs, respectively.
3. After repeated divisions, the pulmonary arteries give rise to arterioles that continue into the capillary networks associated with the walls of the alveoli, where gas is exchanged between the blood and the air.
4. From the pulmonary capillaries, blood enters the venules, which merge to form small veins, and they, in turn, converge to form still larger veins.
5. Four pulmonary veins, two from each lung, return blood to the left atrium. This completes the vascular loop of the pulmonary circuit.

Question 17

Systemic Circuit Process

Answer 17

1. Freshly oxygenated blood moves from the left atrium into the left ventricle.
2. Contraction of the left ventricle forces this blood into the systemic circuit.
3. This circuit includes the aorta and its branches that lead to all the body tissues, as well as the companion system of veins that returns blood to the right atrium.