heart structure Flashcards
right side of ❤️ receives
deoxygenated blood from rest of the body
right side of ❤️ receives
oxygenated blood from lungs
func of coronary arteries
supplies oxy blood, amino acids, glucose to cardiac muscles
tricuspid valve is located on _ side
right
bicuspid valve is located on _ side
left
atria are located on (top/bottom)
top
ventricles are located on (top/bottom)
bottom
left ventricle vs right ventricle (struct & func)
left: thicker walls to create h.b.p to pump blood to rest of body
right: thinner walls, lower pressure to pump to lungs (lungs close to ❤️)
how does oxy blood travel from lungs to rest
- lungs
- pulmonary vein into ❤️
- left atrium
- bi valve
- lv
- aorta out of ❤️
- rest
how does deoxy blood travel from rest to lungs
- rest
- vena cavae into ❤️
- ra
- tri valve
- rv
- pulmonary arteries out of ❤️
- lungs
def systole
period of contraction
def diastole
period of relaxation
1 heartbeat lasts for
approx 0.8s
“lub” & “dub” sounds produced by
valves opening & closing (bitri & semilunar)
series of events before “lub”
- a & v relax
- blood fills a
- a systole
- blood flows from a to v (BITRI VALVES OPEN)
- v systole, a diastole
- BITRI VALVES CLOSE “LUB”
series of events before “dub”
- SEMILUNAR VALVES OPEN to allow blood to enter aorta & p artery
- a receives blood, v pumps blood out
- v diastole
- SEMILUNAR VALVES CLOSE “DUB”
cycle ends, bitri valves open to allow blood to flow from a to v, repeating the cycle
why do bitri valves open
v pressure < a pressure
why do bitri valves close
v pressure > a pressure
why do semilunar valves close
v pressure < ao pressure
why do semilunar valves open
v pressure > ao pressure
coronary ❤️ disease
build up of fatty subst on inner surfaces of c arteries (ATHEROSCLEROSIS) –> narrowed lumen –> clot forms in artery (THROMBOSIS) –> reduced blood flow to ❤️ –> cardiac muscles receive reduced o2 supply
causes of coronary ❤️ disease
- high fat diet
- sedentary lifestyle
- emotional stress
- smoking
coronary ❤️ disease: preventive measures
- healthy diet (polyunsaturated plant fats instead of animal fats)
- healthy stress management
- avoid smoking
- regular exercise
how is coronary ❤️ disease treated
bypass surgery: vein from leg is grafted to bypass blocked artery
adv of using vein from leg instead of artery from donor
recepient’s body may reject artery from donor
disadv of using vein from leg instead of artery from donor
- thin walls of veins may not be able to withstand h.b.p of arteries
- ensure sewn correctly. if sewn wrongly, closed semilunar valves will disrupt blood flow
