Heart Sounds Flashcards
What happens during S1?
MV and TV closure
Where is S1 the loudest?
Mitral area
What happens during S2?
AV and PV closure
Where is S2 the loudest?
Left sternal border
When is S3 heard?
In early diastole during rapid ventricular filling phase
What is S3 associated with?
- Increased filling pressure (mitral regurgitation, CHF)
- Dilated Ventricles
- Normal in children and pregnant women
When is S4 heard?
Late diastole
Why do we hear S4?
High atrial pressure
What is S4 associated with?
- Ventricular hyptertrophy
- LA must push against stiff LV wall
In normal splitting, you hear a ___ in intrathoracic P
decrease
In normal splitting, during inspiration you have _____ VR to the RV and _____ RV SV
Increase, increase
In normal splitting, during inspiration, you have a _____ RV ejection time leading to ____
Increased, delayed closure of PV
What also occurs during normal splitting that contributes to the delayed PV closure?
Decreased PV impedance
Wide splitting is seen in conditions that ______
Delay RV emptying
Examples of conditions in which wide splitting may occur
- Pulmonic Stenosis
- RBBB
