Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy and Physiology 2 > Heart Physiology > Flashcards

Heart Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

intrinsic conduction

A

ability to depolarizes and contract on its own

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

autorhythmic cells

A

Autorhythmic cells have unstable resting membrane potentials
noncontractile cells in contractile muscle that initiate and propagate impulse
Leaky
Na+ moves in easily to depolarie
Self generate AP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

SA node

A

coronary sinus, in right atrium; main controller “pacemaker”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

AV node

A

in interventricular space, top of septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Bundle of his

A

splits to R+L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Bundle branches

A

in walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Purkinje fibers

A

electrical stimulation to muscle tissue in papillary muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

extrinsic innervation

A

nervous connection

cardioacceleratory and cardioinhibitory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cardioacceleratory center

A

sympathetic; NE causes quicker depolarization; faster heart rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cardioinhibitory center

A

parasympathetic; ACh causes the slower heart rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

vagal tone

A

reduction of contraction from vagus nerve stimulation
Allows us to increase heart rate
Parasympathetic hyperpolarize SA causing decrease in heart rate from medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

P wave

A

SA

depolarization of atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

QRS complex

A

depolarization of ventricles (masked is the repolarization of atria)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T wave

A

repolarization of ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what causes lab sound

A

AV valves close

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what causes dup sound

A

SL valves close

17
Q

murmur

A

malfunctioning of the valve

18
Q

cardiac cycle

A

Systole and diastole of both atria plus systole and diastole of both ventricles

19
Q

cardiac output

A

SV x HR

20
Q

stroke volume

A

blood leaving heart per beat
Difference between amount of blood in ventricles before and after systole
End diastolic volume-end systolic volume

21
Q

cardiac reserve

A

difference between maximum CO and minimum CO

22
Q

factors affecting stroke volume

A

Stretch of cardiac muscle
Contract with more force after stretch
Starling law of the heart
More blood in ventricles= more pressure in contract
preload= blood in ventricles prior to contraction
Contraction strength not due to stretch
NE moves more Ca 2+ into the heart, increases force of contraction
Arterial pressure
After load= artery pressure not as much blood leaves

23
Q

factors affecting heart rate

A

Sympathetic nervous system activation
NE
Corresponding increase in contractility
Parasympathetic nervous system activation
ACh
Adrenal medulla production of epinephrine
Thyroid production of thyroxine
Heart rate increases
Gradual and sustained
Blood pressure changes (baroreceptors)
Ionic balances
Age
Heart rate decreases
Sex
Females have higher heart rate
Exercise
Heart rate decreases as you are more efficient (LT)
Temperature
Increase temperature increases heart rate

24
Q

tachycardia

A

inability to slow heart rate

25
Q

bradycardia

A

abnormally slow heart rate

26
Q

congestive heart failure

A

dangerously low CO

27
Q

Coronary atherosclerosis

A

blockage in coronary arteries

28
Q

High blood pressure

A

less CO, reduces ejection fraction

29
Q

Myocardial infarctions

A

heart attack; lose the ability to contract

30
Q

Dilated cardiomyopathy

A

flappy, loose ventricle (usually) but can happen in any chamber
Usually due to valve failure

31
Q

process of fetal heart development

A

Derived from mesoderm
Originates as two separate endothelial tubes
Tubes fuse into single chambered heart by day 23
Early chambers formed by day 25
D-looping and structural changes divide heart into separate chambers and change orientation by day 46

32
Q

D looping

A

rightward circle until its orientation inverted

33
Q

foramen ovale

A

connection of two atria through interatrial septum

Shortcut to get O2 blood to body

34
Q

ductus arteriosus

A

connection between pulmonary trunk and aorta, becomes ligamentum arteriosum

35
Q

valve sclerosis

A

rafi (flaps) of valves accumulate deposits, don’t close as well, leading to leakage
Naturally occurring

36
Q

decreases cardiac reserve

A

biggest reason is becoming sedimentary

37
Q

Fibrosis of myocardium

A

more sedimentary leads to muscle changes to noncontractile tissue

38
Q

atherosclerosis

A

plaque buildup

Anatomy and Physiology 2 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions