Heart

Question 1

location of heart

Answer 1

mediastinum

Question 2

base of heart

Answer 2

top

Question 3

apex of heart

Answer 3

base

Question 4

Fibrous pericardium

Answer 4

outermost, made up of dense CT

Anchors heart in place, protective

Question 5

serous pericardium

Answer 5

two layers

parietal and visceral

Question 6

parietal layer

Answer 6

belong to cavity

Question 7

visceral layer

Answer 7

belongs to the heart, outer surface

epicardium

Question 8

pericardial cavity

Answer 8

space between the layers filled with fluid

Protective, prevents friction, dissipates heat from pumping

Question 9

epicardium

Answer 9

visceral layer

Question 10

myocardium

Answer 10

cardiac muscle

Question 11

endocardium

Answer 11

lining

squamous ET

Question 12

Interatrial septums

Answer 12

separates the two atria

Question 13

Interventricular septum

Answer 13

separates the two ventricles

Question 14

Coronary sulcus

Answer 14

atria and ventricles

Question 15

Interventricular groove

Answer 15

where ventricles meet

Question 16

atria

Answer 16

contain auricles
pectinate muscles
fossa ovalis

Question 17

auricles

Answer 17

ears

Increase surface area so more blood volume can be held

Question 18

Pectinate muscles

Answer 18

in atrial walls

Question 19

Fossa ovalis

Answer 19

remnant of foramen ovale

Question 20

ventricles

Answer 20

trabeculae carneae

papillary muscles

Question 21

Trabeculae carneae

Answer 21

muscles in the wall

Question 22

Papillary muscles

Answer 22

extend into the chamber

Connect to flaps and strings (cordae tendonae)

Question 23

coronary sinus

Answer 23

blood from the myocardium enters right atria

Question 24

pathway of blood flow

Answer 24

Right atrium → tricuspid valve → right ventricle → pulmonary valve → pulmonary artery → lungs → pulmonary veins → left atria → bicuspid valve → left ventricle→ aortic valve → aorta → systemic arteries → systemic arterioles → systemic capillaries → systemic venules → systemic veins → superior/inferior vena cava → right atrium

Question 25

anastosomes

Answer 25

alternate pathways in event of blockage

Question 26

atrioventricular valves

Answer 26

prevent backflow into atria Atrial pressure increases sends blood to ventricles tricuspid= 3 cusps bicuspid= 2 cusps

Question 27

Cordae tendineae

Answer 27

pap attaches to AV flaps, attach the two

Question 28

Semilunar valves

Answer 28

prevent backflow to ventricles aortic= left pulmonary= right

Question 29

properties of cardiac muscle

Answer 29

Striated Uninucleated Sliding filament mechanism of action Adjacent cells locked by desmosomes and gap junctions Intercalated disc= communication junction, contract as a unit