Heart Flashcards
location of heart
mediastinum
base of heart
top
apex of heart
base
Fibrous pericardium
outermost, made up of dense CT
Anchors heart in place, protective
serous pericardium
two layers
parietal and visceral
parietal layer
belong to cavity
visceral layer
belongs to the heart, outer surface
epicardium
pericardial cavity
space between the layers filled with fluid
Protective, prevents friction, dissipates heat from pumping
epicardium
visceral layer
myocardium
cardiac muscle
endocardium
lining
squamous ET
Interatrial septums
separates the two atria
Interventricular septum
separates the two ventricles
Coronary sulcus
atria and ventricles
Interventricular groove
where ventricles meet
atria
contain auricles
pectinate muscles
fossa ovalis
auricles
ears
Increase surface area so more blood volume can be held
Pectinate muscles
in atrial walls
Fossa ovalis
remnant of foramen ovale
ventricles
trabeculae carneae
papillary muscles
Trabeculae carneae
muscles in the wall
Papillary muscles
extend into the chamber
Connect to flaps and strings (cordae tendonae)
coronary sinus
blood from the myocardium enters right atria
pathway of blood flow
Right atrium → tricuspid valve → right ventricle → pulmonary valve → pulmonary artery → lungs → pulmonary veins → left atria → bicuspid valve → left ventricle→ aortic valve → aorta → systemic arteries → systemic arterioles → systemic capillaries → systemic venules → systemic veins → superior/inferior vena cava → right atrium
anastosomes
alternate pathways in event of blockage
atrioventricular valves
prevent backflow into atria
Atrial pressure increases sends blood to ventricles
tricuspid= 3 cusps
bicuspid= 2 cusps
Cordae tendineae
pap attaches to AV flaps, attach the two
Semilunar valves
prevent backflow to ventricles
aortic= left
pulmonary= right
properties of cardiac muscle
Striated
Uninucleated
Sliding filament mechanism of action
Adjacent cells locked by desmosomes and gap junctions
Intercalated disc= communication junction, contract as a unit
