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Psychiatry Clerkship > Heart of the Cards > Flashcards

Heart of the Cards Flashcards

1
Q

Atomoxetine risks

A

suicidal ideations, liver injury/jaundice

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2
Q

Atomoxetine

A

Non-stim for ADHD

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3
Q

Fluoxetine

A

SSRI, anti-depressant and mood stabilizer

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4
Q

SSRI risk

A

CNS (sedation, agitation, nervousness), sex dysfunction (high), wt changes, acute withdrawal (flu-like sxs), serotonin syndrome

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5
Q

serotonin syndrome

A

AMS, hyper-reflexia, dilated pupils, hyper-active GI

d/t increased serotonin buildup in brain

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6
Q

SSRIs

A

Anti-Depressants, Mood Stabilizers

SPECFVV
Sertraline
Paroxetine
Escitalopram
Citalopram
Fluoxetine
Vortioxetine (Trintellix)
Vilazodone
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7
Q

methylphenidate (QuilliChew)

A

Amphetamine-derivative Stimulant

Ritalin LA

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8
Q

methylphenidate risks

A

dec appetite, HA, N/V/abd pain, insomnia, anxiety, agitation, inc BP/HR, cardiac death (rare)

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9
Q

Benzodiazepine risks

A

dependence, CNS depression (especially with ETOH), rxns w/ CYP3A4 drugs

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10
Q

Benzodiazepine MOA

A

promotes GABA binding by binding a special site near GABAR’s, NOT a GABA substitute

sedation, m relaxation, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant

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11
Q

Second-gen Anti-Psychotics (atypicals/novel), what’s first line? what’s used for multi-drug resistance?

A 
ACOQRZ
Aripiprazole (Abilify)
Clozapine
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
Quetiapine (Seroquel)
Risperidone
Ziprasidone (Geodon)

Also: Lurasidone, Brexpiprazole

Aripiprazole, Ziprasidone
Clozapine

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12
Q

Second Gen Anti-Psychotics (Atypicals/Novel) risks

A

metabolic (wt gain, DM, dyslipidemia), no EPS (extra-pyramidal sxs), rare = strokes in elderly w/ dementia

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13
Q

additional risk for Clozapine

A

agranulocytosis (CBC)

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14
Q

Prazosin

A

a-1 blocker, used for HTN, BPH, and PTSD

smooth m relaxer that combats spikes in BP

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15
Q

Prazosin risk

A

hypotension, otherwise well-tolerated

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16
Q

anti-psychotic MOA

A

first gen: Dopamine type-2&raquo_space;> 5HT2.. antagonists

second gen: 5HT2&raquo_space;> Dopamine.. antagonists

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17
Q

generalized risk for anti-psychotics and it’s tx

A

neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS): widespread m contraction d/t persistent Ca channel openings, hyporeflexia, diaphoresis, AMS

tx: Dantrolene (m relaxant/spasmolytic, inh ryanodine R Ca channels blocking Ca release, risk: hepatitis)

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18
Q

SNRIs

A 
all TCAs
VLADD:
Venlafaxine
Levomilnacipran
Amoxapine + DA
Desvenlafaxine
Duloxetine
19
Q

SNRIs vs SSRIs regarding sex

A

SNRI’s have low sexual dysfunction (exception = Venlafaxine), SNRIs have high sexual dysfunction

20
Q

Bupropion vs Buspirone

A

Bupropion: NDRI (nor-epi + dopamine) anti-depressant, risk of seizures, also used for smoking cessation

Buspirone: newer hypnotic for anxiety, MOA unknown, risk: tachy, nervousness, GI distress, slow onset, no addictive potential, indication: sleep aid, delirium, anxiety, seizures

21
Q

Stimulant time-tables

A

Adderall and Ritalin: 4-5hr
Metadate: 6-8hr
Vyvanse: 10hr

22
Q

Guanfacine and Clonidine

A

Non-stim ADHD medication
risk: hypo-TN/brady
MOA: a2-adrenergic R agonists in CNS

23
Q

dementia medication duo

A

donepezil (Aricept) and Memantine (Namenda)

24
Q

donepezil (Aricept) MOA

A

inc ACh in pts w/ fewer cholinergic neurons

25
Q

Buspirone use

A

background anxiety to move away from the “panic” threshold

“spear anxiety!” Bu..spir..

26
Q

DSM-5

A

diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition

27
Q

What anti-psychotic can inc prolactin?

A

Risperidone, 2nd generation (novel, atypical)

28
Q

What are the only FDA-approved txs for autism?

A

Aripiprazole (low-risk), Risperidone (inc prolactin)

29
Q

What are the first-line tx options for SGAs?

A

Aripiprazole, Ziprasidone

30
Q

diagnostic features of autism spectrum disorder

A

A) persistent impairment in reciprocal social communication and interaction, not expressing emotions to others, poor eye contact makes nonverbal cue-taking difficult/absent, appropriate behavior for certain situations may not occur, doesn’t pick up on irony, poor friends (d/t lack of social understanding)
B) restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities
C) sxs present in early childhood
D) limit or impair everyday functioning

31
Q

stimming

A

means to comfort someone with ASD, can be making vocal noises/parroting, playing with certain objects, etc

32
Q

catatonic

A

immobile, unresponsive stupor

33
Q

Monistat

A

Miconazole, yeast infection treatment

34
Q

medication for binge eating

A

Vyvanse, curbs impulses and may decrease appetite

35
Q

carb binges can lead to

A

sugar high then CRASH

36
Q

what’s the mixed amphetamine?

A

Adderall, can be applied to food

37
Q

Benztropine

A

anticholinergic

38
Q

Lamotrigine

A

anticonvulsant

39
Q

Lisdexamphetamine

A

Vyvanse

40
Q

Clonidine MOA and risks, indication

A

a2-agonist, hypo-TN and brady

ADHD, tics, aggression

41
Q

Prazosin

A 
used for PTSD to..
Prazosin
To
Stop
Dreams (nightmares)
42
Q

what drugs require lab levels?

A

Depakote (valproic acid), lithium

43
Q

methylphenidate

A

Ritalin, Deytrana (patch)

Psychiatry Clerkship (17 decks)

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