Heart of the Cards

Question 1

Atomoxetine risks

Answer 1

suicidal ideations, liver injury/jaundice

Question 2

Atomoxetine

Answer 2

Non-stim for ADHD

Question 3

Fluoxetine

Answer 3

SSRI, anti-depressant and mood stabilizer

Question 4

SSRI risk

Answer 4

CNS (sedation, agitation, nervousness), sex dysfunction (high), wt changes, acute withdrawal (flu-like sxs), serotonin syndrome

Question 5

serotonin syndrome

Answer 5

AMS, hyper-reflexia, dilated pupils, hyper-active GI

d/t increased serotonin buildup in brain

Question 6

SSRIs

Answer 6

Anti-Depressants, Mood Stabilizers

SPECFVV
Sertraline
Paroxetine
Escitalopram
Citalopram
Fluoxetine
Vortioxetine (Trintellix)
Vilazodone

Question 7

methylphenidate (QuilliChew)

Answer 7

Amphetamine-derivative Stimulant

Ritalin LA

Question 8

methylphenidate risks

Answer 8

dec appetite, HA, N/V/abd pain, insomnia, anxiety, agitation, inc BP/HR, cardiac death (rare)

Question 9

Benzodiazepine risks

Answer 9

dependence, CNS depression (especially with ETOH), rxns w/ CYP3A4 drugs

Question 10

Benzodiazepine MOA

Answer 10

promotes GABA binding by binding a special site near GABAR’s, NOT a GABA substitute

sedation, m relaxation, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant

Question 11

Second-gen Anti-Psychotics (atypicals/novel), what’s first line? what’s used for multi-drug resistance?

Answer 11

ACOQRZ
Aripiprazole (Abilify)
Clozapine
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
Quetiapine (Seroquel)
Risperidone
Ziprasidone (Geodon)

Also: Lurasidone, Brexpiprazole

Aripiprazole, Ziprasidone
Clozapine

Question 12

Second Gen Anti-Psychotics (Atypicals/Novel) risks

Answer 12

metabolic (wt gain, DM, dyslipidemia), no EPS (extra-pyramidal sxs), rare = strokes in elderly w/ dementia

Question 13

additional risk for Clozapine

Answer 13

agranulocytosis (CBC)

Question 14

Prazosin

Answer 14

a-1 blocker, used for HTN, BPH, and PTSD

smooth m relaxer that combats spikes in BP

Question 15

Prazosin risk

Answer 15

hypotension, otherwise well-tolerated

Question 16

anti-psychotic MOA

Answer 16

first gen: Dopamine type-2&raquo_space;> 5HT2.. antagonists

second gen: 5HT2&raquo_space;> Dopamine.. antagonists

Question 17

generalized risk for anti-psychotics and it’s tx

Answer 17

neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS): widespread m contraction d/t persistent Ca channel openings, hyporeflexia, diaphoresis, AMS

tx: Dantrolene (m relaxant/spasmolytic, inh ryanodine R Ca channels blocking Ca release, risk: hepatitis)

Question 18

SNRIs

Answer 18

all TCAs
VLADD:
Venlafaxine
Levomilnacipran
Amoxapine + DA
Desvenlafaxine
Duloxetine

Question 19

SNRIs vs SSRIs regarding sex

Answer 19

SNRI’s have low sexual dysfunction (exception = Venlafaxine), SNRIs have high sexual dysfunction

Question 20

Bupropion vs Buspirone

Answer 20

Bupropion: NDRI (nor-epi + dopamine) anti-depressant, risk of seizures, also used for smoking cessation

Buspirone: newer hypnotic for anxiety, MOA unknown, risk: tachy, nervousness, GI distress, slow onset, no addictive potential, indication: sleep aid, delirium, anxiety, seizures

Question 21

Stimulant time-tables

Answer 21

Adderall and Ritalin: 4-5hr
Metadate: 6-8hr
Vyvanse: 10hr

Question 22

Guanfacine and Clonidine

Answer 22

Non-stim ADHD medication
risk: hypo-TN/brady
MOA: a2-adrenergic R agonists in CNS

Question 23

dementia medication duo

Answer 23

donepezil (Aricept) and Memantine (Namenda)

Question 24

donepezil (Aricept) MOA

Answer 24

inc ACh in pts w/ fewer cholinergic neurons

Question 25

Buspirone use

Answer 25

background anxiety to move away from the “panic” threshold

“spear anxiety!” Bu..spir..

Question 26

DSM-5

Answer 26

diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition

Question 27

What anti-psychotic can inc prolactin?

Answer 27

Risperidone, 2nd generation (novel, atypical)

Question 28

What are the only FDA-approved txs for autism?

Answer 28

Aripiprazole (low-risk), Risperidone (inc prolactin)

Question 29

What are the first-line tx options for SGAs?

Answer 29

Aripiprazole, Ziprasidone

Question 30

diagnostic features of autism spectrum disorder

Answer 30

A) persistent impairment in reciprocal social communication and interaction, not expressing emotions to others, poor eye contact makes nonverbal cue-taking difficult/absent, appropriate behavior for certain situations may not occur, doesn’t pick up on irony, poor friends (d/t lack of social understanding)
B) restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities
C) sxs present in early childhood
D) limit or impair everyday functioning

Question 31

stimming

Answer 31

means to comfort someone with ASD, can be making vocal noises/parroting, playing with certain objects, etc

Question 32

catatonic

Answer 32

immobile, unresponsive stupor

Question 33

Monistat

Answer 33

Miconazole, yeast infection treatment

Question 34

medication for binge eating

Answer 34

Vyvanse, curbs impulses and may decrease appetite

Question 35

carb binges can lead to

Answer 35

sugar high then CRASH

Question 36

what’s the mixed amphetamine?

Answer 36

Adderall, can be applied to food

Question 37

Benztropine

Answer 37

anticholinergic

Question 38

Lamotrigine

Answer 38

anticonvulsant

Question 39

Lisdexamphetamine

Answer 39

Vyvanse

Question 40

Clonidine MOA and risks, indication

Answer 40

a2-agonist, hypo-TN and brady

ADHD, tics, aggression

Question 41

Prazosin

Answer 41

used for PTSD to..
Prazosin
To
Stop
Dreams (nightmares)

Question 42

what drugs require lab levels?

Answer 42

Depakote (valproic acid), lithium

Question 43

methylphenidate

Answer 43

Ritalin, Deytrana (patch)