First Aid CH6 Personality Disorders Flashcards
define personality
one’s set of stable, predictable, emotional, and behavioral traits, deviation from these may qualify as a disorder where the deviation is pervasive and inflexible
what are quirks?
odd tendencies that don’t cause significant distress or impairment in daily functioning
Cluster A
schizoid
schizotypal
paranoid
Cluster B
antisocial
borderline
histrionic
narcissistic
Cluster C
avoidant
dependent
OCPD
tx for personality disorders
tx is very difficult, disorders tend to be chronic and life-long, psychotherapy most helpful
paranoid PD
pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others, interpret motives of others as malevolent, angry and hostile and jealous
avoidant vs schizoid
avoidants want to have friends but often don’t, schizoids don’t want friends/prefer to be alone
schizoid PD
social withdrawal, reclusive, quiet and unsociable, no desire for close relationships or sexual activity, indifference to praise or criticism, emotional coldness
schizotypal PD
strange and odd behavior, magical thinking and odd beliefs (clairvoyance, telepathy, superstitious), social anxiety, discomfort with close relationships, involvement with cults or strange religious practices
antisocial PD
exploitive of others, break rules to meet their own needs, lack empathy, compassion, lack remorse, violate the law, skilled at reading social cues
what increases risk of having antisocial PD?
substance use, trauma (abuse)
borderline PD
unstable moods, behaviors, and interpersonal relationships, fear abandonment, intense attachments, aggression, impulsive (repeat suicide attempts/gestures/self-mutilation), poor self-image
what’s a common borderline PD tactic?
splitting, view others and themselves as all good or all bad
course of borderline PD
varies but many dev stability by middle age, coexisting MDD and/or substance abuse, inc risk of suicide
borderline tx
DBT (dialectical behavior therapy)
histrionic PD
attention-seeking behavior, dramatic, extroverted, unable to form meaningful relationships, sexually inappropriate and provocative to draw attention
common histrionic defense mech?
regression: reversion to childlike behaviors
narcissistic PD
sense of superiority, need for admiration, lack empathy, consider themselves special, will exploit others for own gain, fragile self-esteem, arrogant
avoidant PD
social inhibition and intense fear of rejection, avoid social interaction but desire companionship, extremely shy and easily injured, feeling of inadequacy
dependent PD
poor self-confidence, fear separation, feel helpless if left alone, excessive need to be taken care of, difficulty making everyday decisions without reassurance from others, usually have a long-lasting relationship (not so in borderline or histrionic)
obsessive-compulsive PD
perfectionism, inflexibility, orderliness, preoccupation with unimportant details that prevents completion of overarching objective, excessive devotion to work, penny-pincher
other specified PD
disorder that does not meet full criteria for any of the disorders, clinician chooses to communicate specific reason criteria isn’t met (mixed PD)
unspecified PD
disorder that does not meet full criteria for any of the disorders, clinician chooses not to specify the reason that the criteria are not met for any specific PD (not enough info)
