Heart & Neck Abnormal Findings Flashcards

1
Q

position of AV valve at start of systole; wide open and no time for leaflets to drift together

A

loud S1

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2
Q

position of AV valve delayed conduction from atria to ventricles, mitral valve drifts shut before ventricular contraction closes it

A

diminished S1

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3
Q

higher closing pressure, increased pressure in aorta, pulmonary hypertension, semilunar valves calcified but still mobile

A

accentuated S2

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4
Q

decrease in valve strength, caused by a fall in systemic blood pressure and semilunar valves thickened and calcified with decreased mobility

A

diminished S2

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5
Q

mitral and tricuspid components are heard separately

A

split S1

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6
Q

split unaffected by respiration, the split is always there

A

fixed split

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7
Q

occurs in early diastole during rapid filling phase. sounds after S2, dull, soft sound and is low pitched like”distant thunder”. best heard in quiet room at apex or left lower sternal border.

A

S3

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8
Q

when both S3 and S4 pathological sounds are present

A

summation sound

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9
Q

ventricular filling sound. occurs when atria contract late in diastole, heard immediately before S1. ver soft sound and very low pitch. heard best at apex with bell with pt in lateral position

A

S4

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10
Q

inflammation of the precordium results in a high pitched, scratchy, best heard with diaphragm

A

pericardial friction rub

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11
Q

right ventricular outflow stenosis, VSD, right ventricular hypertrophy, and overriding aorta

A

tetralogy of fallot

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12
Q

severe narrowing of descending aorta, usually at the junction of the ductus arteriosus and aortic arch, just distal to the origin of the left subclavian artery

A

coarctation of the aorta

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13
Q

calcification of aortic valve cusps restricts forward flow of blood during systole; hypertrophy of LV develops

A

aortic stenosis

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14
Q

calcification of pulmonic valve restricts forward flow of blood

A

pulmonic stenosis

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15
Q

stream of blood regurgitates back into LA during systole through incompetent mitral valve

A

mitral regurgitation

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16
Q

backflow of blood through incompetent tricuspid valve into RA

A

tricuspid regurgitation

17
Q

calcified mitral valve dose not open properly, impedes forward flow of blood into LV during diastole.

A

mitral stenosis

18
Q

calcification of tricuspid valve impedes forward flow into RV during diastole

A

tricuspid stenosis

19
Q

stream of blood regurgitates back through incompetent aortic valve into LV during diastole

A

aortic regurgitation