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Biology 2 > Heart Function > Flashcards

Heart Function Flashcards

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1
Q

What does Systole mean?

A

A contracted chamber. Pumped - squeezed

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2
Q

What does Diastole mean?

A

A relaxed chamber - dilated - open

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3
Q

What is Systolic pressure?

A

The pressure in the circulatory system when the blood is being pumped.
The bigger top number.

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4
Q

What is the Diastolic pressure?

A

The pressure in the circulatory system when the heart is relaxed. The bottom lower number.

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5
Q

During the cardiac cycle there are two times when both sets of valves are closed. What are the names given to these times?

A

Isovolumetric Contraction

Isovolumetric Relaxation

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6
Q

List the order of the heart pumping cycle starting with phase 1.

A 
Phase 1:
Ventricular Filling
Atrial Contraction
Phase 2:
Isovolumetric Contraction
Phase 3:
Ventricular Ejection
Phase 4:
Isovolumetric Relaxation
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7
Q

What happens during Ventricular filing?
Tell me where the blood is in the heart, what state the two sets of valves are in and if the heart is in a state of high or low pressure.

A

Blood primarily in Atria but naturally falling to ventricles.
Bi & Tricuspid valves open
Aortic and pulmonary valves closed.
Little pressure at this point

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8
Q

What happens during Atrial Contraction?
Tell me where the blood is in the heart, what state the two sets of valves are in and if the heart is in a state of high or low pressure.

A

Last blood being squeezed out of Atria chambers
Bi & Tri cuspid valves still open
Aortic and pulmonary valves still closed.
Pressure building up in Ventricles

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9
Q

What happens during Isovolumetric contraction?
Tell me where the blood is in the heart, what state the two sets of valves are in and if the heart is in a state of high or low pressure.

A

Blood is in the ventricles.
Both sets of vales are closed.
The ventricles are contracting.
Pressure is very high.

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10
Q

What happens during Ventricular Ejection?
Tell me where the blood is in the heart, what state the two sets of valves are in and if the heart is in a state of high or low pressure.

A

Blood is in the ventricles but ejection through the Aorta and pulmonary vein.
Bi & Tri cuspid /Semi Lunar valves are closed
Aortic and pulmonary valves are open.
The pressure became so high in the ventricles it opened the Aortic & pulmonary valves.
Once valves open the pressure reduces.

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11
Q

What happens during Isovolumetric relaxation?
Tell me where the blood is in the heart, what state the two sets of valves are in and if the heart is in a state of high or low pressure.

A

Blood has left the ventricle but not yet been received in the atrium.
All four valves are closed.

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12
Q

What generates the cardiac impulse?

A

Sinoatrial Node (pacemaker)

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13
Q

The nerve fibers that spread over the atrium area of the heart are called?

A

Inter nodal Fibers

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14
Q

What does the Inter Nodal Fibers do?

A

They contract the Atria

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15
Q

What is the second Node called and where is it located.?

A

Ario-Ventricular Node and is located between the Right Atria and Right Ventricle.

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16
Q

After leaving the Ario-ventricular Node where does the impulse travel too?

A

it travels to the Bundle of His then separates into two separate pathways around each ventricle called the Branches of Bundle of His.

17
Q

What are the fibers covering the Ventricles called?

A

Purkinje Fibers

18
Q

On an ECG what is the P Wave?

A

The depolarization and therefore contraction across the Atria

19
Q

On an ECG what is the QRS Complex?

A

The depolarization of the ventricles causing contractions

20
Q

On an ECG what is the T wave?

A

The recovery wave over the ventricles.

21
Q

Which side of the heart has greatest pressure?

A

The Left side. REMEMBER - if asked to draw a line on a graph of where the right side pressure would be, make it the same shape but slightly further down.

22
Q

what is the unit of measure when talking about Blood Pressure?

A

mmHg (millimetres of mercury)

Biology 2 (15 decks)

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