Heart Function Flashcards
What does Systole mean?
A contracted chamber. Pumped - squeezed
What does Diastole mean?
A relaxed chamber - dilated - open
What is Systolic pressure?
The pressure in the circulatory system when the blood is being pumped.
The bigger top number.
What is the Diastolic pressure?
The pressure in the circulatory system when the heart is relaxed. The bottom lower number.
During the cardiac cycle there are two times when both sets of valves are closed. What are the names given to these times?
Isovolumetric Contraction
Isovolumetric Relaxation
List the order of the heart pumping cycle starting with phase 1.
Phase 1: Ventricular Filling Atrial Contraction Phase 2: Isovolumetric Contraction Phase 3: Ventricular Ejection Phase 4: Isovolumetric Relaxation
What happens during Ventricular filing?
Tell me where the blood is in the heart, what state the two sets of valves are in and if the heart is in a state of high or low pressure.
Blood primarily in Atria but naturally falling to ventricles.
Bi & Tricuspid valves open
Aortic and pulmonary valves closed.
Little pressure at this point
What happens during Atrial Contraction?
Tell me where the blood is in the heart, what state the two sets of valves are in and if the heart is in a state of high or low pressure.
Last blood being squeezed out of Atria chambers
Bi & Tri cuspid valves still open
Aortic and pulmonary valves still closed.
Pressure building up in Ventricles
What happens during Isovolumetric contraction?
Tell me where the blood is in the heart, what state the two sets of valves are in and if the heart is in a state of high or low pressure.
Blood is in the ventricles.
Both sets of vales are closed.
The ventricles are contracting.
Pressure is very high.
What happens during Ventricular Ejection?
Tell me where the blood is in the heart, what state the two sets of valves are in and if the heart is in a state of high or low pressure.
Blood is in the ventricles but ejection through the Aorta and pulmonary vein.
Bi & Tri cuspid /Semi Lunar valves are closed
Aortic and pulmonary valves are open.
The pressure became so high in the ventricles it opened the Aortic & pulmonary valves.
Once valves open the pressure reduces.
What happens during Isovolumetric relaxation?
Tell me where the blood is in the heart, what state the two sets of valves are in and if the heart is in a state of high or low pressure.
Blood has left the ventricle but not yet been received in the atrium.
All four valves are closed.
What generates the cardiac impulse?
Sinoatrial Node (pacemaker)
The nerve fibers that spread over the atrium area of the heart are called?
Inter nodal Fibers
What does the Inter Nodal Fibers do?
They contract the Atria
What is the second Node called and where is it located.?
Ario-Ventricular Node and is located between the Right Atria and Right Ventricle.
After leaving the Ario-ventricular Node where does the impulse travel too?
it travels to the Bundle of His then separates into two separate pathways around each ventricle called the Branches of Bundle of His.
What are the fibers covering the Ventricles called?
Purkinje Fibers
On an ECG what is the P Wave?
The depolarization and therefore contraction across the Atria
On an ECG what is the QRS Complex?
The depolarization of the ventricles causing contractions
On an ECG what is the T wave?
The recovery wave over the ventricles.
Which side of the heart has greatest pressure?
The Left side. REMEMBER - if asked to draw a line on a graph of where the right side pressure would be, make it the same shape but slightly further down.
what is the unit of measure when talking about Blood Pressure?
mmHg (millimetres of mercury)
