Heart failure Flashcards
1
Q
What is acute HF?
A
Symptoms come on suddenly , thus is an emergency and usually requires hospital admission
2
Q
What is chronic HF?
A
Symptoms are gradually occuring over time, can worsen and develop into AHF
3
Q
What are the symptoms of HF?
A
Ankle swelling, SOB, lethargic, cough, pink phlegm, chest pain and dizziness
4
Q
Causes of HF?
A
CHD Cardiomyopathy Hypertension Arrythmias Excessive alcohol
5
Q
Blood tests/examination:
A
B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and NT,
Physical examination
ECG, blood, urine tests
6
Q
Treatment: Lifestyle measures
A
Diet, smoking cessation, reduce alcohol intake
7
Q
Medicines used in HF:
A
ACEi/ARB
Beta blockers (b, c and n)
Diuretis (loop/thiazides) - fluid overload
Aldodesterone antagonists (sprino)
Digoxin (reserved for severe HF) - reduce hosp
Offer flu vaccine
8
Q
Treatment
A
- ACEi/ARB + BB
- Spironolactone
- Hydralazine + Iso Dinitrate (African/Caribbean)
