heart failure Flashcards
Cardiac output =
stroke volume(L) x heart rate (bpm)
in frank starling, the stroke volume is related to
end diastolic volume
a dysfunctional heart will try to
maintain stroke volume/co by increasing end diastolic pressure/volume
3 ways the body compensates for decreased CARDIAC OUTPUT and systemic BP
1) activate RAAS
2) release vasopressin -
3) activate SNS
what type of hypertrophy does the heart undergo to maintain stroke volume
eccentric
eccentric hypertrophy VS concentric hypertrophy
eccentric - volume overload
concentric - pressure overload
In diastolic HF you have
preserved EF
- concentric hypertrophy
- normal LV size
- increased wall thickness
In systolic HF you have
- reduced EF
- eccentric hypertrophy
- LV dilatation
- normal thickness of the wall
what happens to your stroke volume in systolic dysfunction
- reduced stroke volume
- for the same volume, less pressure
curve shifts right
in diastolic dysfunction - what happens to stroke volume
also reduced by compliance is also reduced - volume is less but pressure is higher
lower line shifts left
2 main reasons for reduced Ejection fraction
coronary artery disease
Htn
2 main reasons for preserved EF
Hypertension most likely cause
Diabetes
drugs that make people feel better
digoxin and diuretics
drugs that improve survival
acei/arbs
beta blockers
aldo antagonists
the central mechanism of progressive HF is
neurohumoral activation
