Heart Failure Flashcards
What are comorbidities of HF
Anemia, sleep apnea, and HTN
What level of EF is considered reduced
<40%
What level of EF is considered preserved
> 50%
What is borderline EF levels
41-49%
What are the A-D stages of HF based on
Objective patient assessment and echo
What is the tx management of stage D HF
Complex procedures
How is stage A managed
Lifestyle modifications, management of HTN, dyslipidemia, and diabetes.
Meds are ACE, ARB, BB, and statins.
What is the classification for stage B
Structural heart disease without symptoms of HF
How is stage B managed
ACEor ARB plus a statin.
Patients with recent MI or acute coronary syndrome and reduced EF beta blockers are recommended
What is stage C HF management
Valsartan (ARB) + neprilysin (ARNI)
And ivabradine that inhibits the electrical current in the SA node
Which step in stage C should ivabradine be considered
Step 3
What is the fixed dose combo recommended in HFrEF
isosorbide dinitrate + hydralazine
Is digoxin indicated in stage C HF
No
What is entresto used for
Replaced ACE for HFrEF
T or F BNP is a reliable lab for HF while on ARNI
f ARNI elevates the levels of
What is the washout period between ARNI and ARB
36 hours
Is ARNI allowed in pregnancy or BF
No
Common side effects of ARNI
cough, dizziness, lightheaded
Serious side effects of ARNI
Anuria, hypotension, and hyperkalemia
What is a selective SA node inhibitor
Ivabradine
When is ivabradine indicated
In HFrEF with ED <35% and are receding a BB at max tolerated dose and in sinus rhythm if at least 70 bpm.
When is ivabradine contraindicated
Decompensated HF, hypotension, sick sinus syndrome, hepatic impairment, pacemaker dependence, and CYP3A4 use
What arrhythmia does ivabradine increase the risk of
A fib
What are the AE id ivabradine
Bradycardia, HTN, a fib, and changes in vision
