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Pharmacology (mine) > Heart drugs > Flashcards

Heart drugs Flashcards

1
Q

If the heart is temporarily deprived of oxygen this may cause…

A

Angina (not enough O2 to cardiac muscle)

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2
Q

If the heart is deprived of oxygen this may cause…

A

Heart attack

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3
Q

If heart rhythm is disrupted this may cause…

A

Dysrhythmia

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4
Q

If the heart does not pump properly this may cause…

A

Heart failure

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5
Q

In coronary artery disease…

A

The blood vessels that supply the heart get blocked

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6
Q

What may damage your blood vessels?

A

High BP
Smoking
Lack of exercise

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7
Q

What drugs reduce cholesterol levels?

A

Statins

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8
Q

How can CAD be prevented?

A

Meds for BP
Diet
More exercise
Statins

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9
Q

Which side are angina symptoms usually prevelant on?

A

Left

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10
Q

What does angina pain result from?

A

Cardiac ischaemia

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11
Q

Where may angina pain radiate to?

A

Arm, jaw or neck

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12
Q

What are the two solutions to angina?

A
  1. Reduce O2 demand by reducing workload

2. Increase O2 supply by improving blood flow

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13
Q

What two drugs are used to reduce cardiac work load in the treatment of angina?

A

Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) (nitroglycerin) and atenolol

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14
Q

How does GTN reduce cardiac workload?

A

It dilates peripheral blood vessels.
This means heart doesn’t have to push as hard and less blood is returned to heart so lower force of contraction.
WIDENS BY PASS NOT MAIN BV.

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15
Q

How does atenolol work?

A

The heart slows down and the atria and ventricles beat less forcibly

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16
Q

What does atenolol act on?

A

B1 adrenoreceptors in the heart

17
Q

A blockage of a coronary artery may cause…

A

Muscle death

18
Q

GTN can also be used to reduce workload and oxygen demand for treating heart attacks

A

REMEMBER THIS

19
Q

What does propanolol act as?

A

Beta blocker

20
Q

What is tissue plasminogen activator used for…

A

Clot busting drug

21
Q

Angioplasty is…

A

The reopening of a vessel with the maintenance of a tiny balloon

22
Q

What are the two solutions for heart failure?

A
  1. Reduce BP

2. Make heart pump harder

23
Q

Main drug for heart failure

A

Digoxin (improves force of contractions but doesn’t increase O2 consumption)

24
Q

Tachycardia is…

A

When the heartbeat is too fast

25
Q

Bradycardia is…

A

When the heartbeat is too slow

26
Q

Dysrythmias can be caused be by…

A

Other drugs

27
Q

People at higher risk of dysrythmias are those with…

A

Coronary artery disease
Heart valve disorders
Blood chemistry disorders

28
Q

What is ventricular fibrilation?

A

Where the ventricles don’t beat in a co-ordinated way

29
Q

How are dysrhythmias treated?

A

Drugs
Electrical
Surgery (destroying abnormal part of heart)

30
Q

NAME THE 4 DRUGS I NEED TO REMEMBER FOR THE EXAM

A

Atenolol, GTN, digoxin and propanalol

31
Q

Name the drug that acts on sodium channels…

A

Lidocaine

32
Q

Name the drug that acts on calcium channels…

A

Verapamil

33
Q

Name the drug that acts on potassium channels…

A

Amiodarone

34
Q

Name the drug that acts on B1 receptors…

A

Atenolol

35
Q

What is not a target for anti-dysrhythmic drugs…

A

Chloride channels

36
Q

How may cardiac dysrhytmia be diagnosed?

A

ECG

Pharmacology (mine) (7 decks)

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