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Exam 2 Embryo > Heart Development > Flashcards

Heart Development Flashcards

1
Q

1st system to develop? and what week?

A

heart and blood vessels, week 3

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2
Q

Cardiac precursor cells migrate into _________ to form the primary heart field

A

splanchnic mesoderm

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3
Q

The embryo folds _______ causing what?

A

laterally; primordial heart tubes to fuse midline

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4
Q

The heart initially consists of?

A
  1. endothelium

2. splanchnic mesoderm

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5
Q

The splanchnic mesoderm develops into?

A

myocardium and cardiac jelly

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6
Q

cells from splanchinc mesoderm migrate and form?

A

epicardium

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7
Q

Primordial heart tube consists of what layers?

A
  1. Epicardium
  2. Myocardium
  3. Endocardium
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8
Q

Blood comes in through the ______ of the primordial heart tube/

A

simus venosus from the placenta

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9
Q

What does the bulbus cordis give rise to?

A

the ventricles of the heart (along with primordial ventricle)

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10
Q

Cardiac looping is completed by when?

A

Day 28

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11
Q

Bulbus cordis makes what?

A
  1. trabeculated right ventricle
  2. conus cardis (outflow tracts)
  3. truncus arteriosis (roots)
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12
Q

Sinus venarum?

A

smooth part of right atrium

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13
Q

3 veins that drain into the sinus venosus?

A
  1. Vitelline (yolk sac)
  2. Umbilical (placenta)
  3. Common Cardinal (embryo)
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14
Q

During week 5 there is a “great venous shift” to the _____?

A

right

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15
Q

Endocardial cushions from the cardiac septa.
Btw the conus cordis and truncus what happens?
Btw the atria and ventricle what happens?

A

form neural crest and serve to partition the truncus

form splanchnic mesoderm and partition the atria, ventricles and AV canals

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16
Q

What are and what do the septum primum/ostium primum and septum secundum/ostium secundum?

A

septum primum; downward growing sheet from the roof of the common atrium
ostium primum; the gap that remains in the septum primum
septum secundum; second fold in front of the septum primum, and covers the hole in septum primim but also had a deficit termed oval foramen
ostium secundum;

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17
Q

Septum primum forms what valve?

A

valve of oval foramen

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17
Q

Septum primum forms what valve?

A

valve of oval foramen

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18
Q

what tissue forms the AV valves?

A

mesenchymal

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18
Q

what tissue forms the AV valves?

A

mesenchymal

19
Q

The primitive ventricle forms?

A

most of the left ventricle and part of the right and the interventricular septum

19
Q

The primitive ventricle forms?

A

most of the left ventricle and part of the right and the interventricular septum

20
Q

bulbus cordis forms?

A

most of the right ventricle

20
Q

bulbus cordis forms?

A

most of the right ventricle

21
Q

truncus arteriosis forms?

A

infundibulum (conus arteriosis) and aortic vestibule (outflow)

21
Q

truncus arteriosis forms?

A

infundibulum (conus arteriosis) and aortic vestibule (outflow)

22
Q

what cells partition the consus aordis and truncus arteriosus?

A

neural crest cells

22
Q

what cells partition the consus aordis and truncus arteriosus?

A

neural crest cells

23
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot?

A 
N-ROD
Narrow pulmonary trunk
Right ventricular hypertropy
Overriding aorta
Defect in IV septum (VSD)
23
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot?

A 
N-ROD
Narrow pulmonary trunk
Right ventricular hypertropy
Overriding aorta
Defect in IV septum (VSD)
24
Q

Initially pacemaker is located where?

A

caudal left cardiac tube

24
Q

Initially pacemaker is located where?

A

caudal left cardiac tube

25
Q

Sinus venosus takes over to form what?

A

Simuatrial node

25
Q

Sinus venosus takes over to form what?

A

Simuatrial node

26
Q

Cells from where form the AV node and bundle?

A

sunus venosus and AV canal

26
Q

Cells from where form the AV node and bundle?

A

sunus venosus and AV canal

27
Q

An echocardiogram of a newborn male with lethargy reveals abnormal flow from the right atrium to the left atrium.

What is the diagnosis?

High resolution imaging reveals complete absence of the atrial septum. What is the revised diagnosis?

A

Cor triloculare biventriculare or 3 chambered heart

27
Q

An echocardiogram of a newborn male with lethargy reveals abnormal flow from the right atrium to the left atrium.

What is the diagnosis?

High resolution imaging reveals complete absence of the atrial septum. What is the revised diagnosis?

A

Cor triloculare biventriculare or 3 chambered heart - absence of an atrial septum

28
Q

Examination of the heart of a stillborn fetus, at 27 gestational weeks, reveals massive hypertrophy of the right side of the heart and underdevelopment of the left side.

What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Right premature closure of the oval foramen

28
Q

Examination of the heart of a stillborn fetus, at 27 gestational weeks, reveals massive hypertrophy of the right side of the heart and underdevelopment of the left side.

What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Right premature closure of the oval foramen

29
Q

An echocardiogram of a 7-year-old female reveals abnormal flow between the ventricles [left to right].

What is the diagnosis?

What part of the ventricular septum is most likely involved?

A

Muscular ventricular septal defect

29
Q

An echocardiogram of a 7-year-old female reveals abnormal flow between the ventricles [left to right].

What is the diagnosis?

What part of the ventricular septum is most likely involved?

A

Muscular ventricular septal defect

30
Q

A newborn male presents with cyanosis. Echocardiogram reveals an abnormal pattern; injection of contrast into the right ventricle results in filling of the aortic arch.

What is the diagnosis?

What went wrong developmentally with this child?

A

Transposition of the great vessels; the septum that normally divides the aorta and pulmonary trunk does not form properly

30
Q

A newborn male presents with cyanosis. Echocardiogram reveals an abnormal pattern; injection of contrast into the right ventricle results in filling of the aortic arch.

What is the diagnosis?

What went wrong developmentally with this child?

A

Transposition of the great vessels; the septum that normally divides the aorta and pulmonary trunk does not form properly/also due to improper spiraling

31
Q

ducuts arteriosus persits as what?

A

ligamentum arteriosus

31
Q

ducuts arteriosus persits as what?

A

ligamentum arteriosus

32
Q

Cartageners syndrome is due to?

A

microtubule defects and infertility

32
Q

Kartageners syndrome is due to?

A

microtubule defects and infertility

Exam 2 Embryo (4 decks)

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