Heart Anatomy Flashcards
Where is the position of the heart in the chest?
In the thorax between the lungs, lies between ribs 2-5 to the left of the midline
Where does the apex of the heart lie?
In the 5th intercostal space in the mid clavicular line
What are the 2 pericardium’s of the heart?
Fibrous and Serous
What is the function of the fibrous pericardium?
Prevents overfilling of the heart and anchors it in position
What are the two layers of the serous pericardium?
Parietals and visceral
What is the function of the serious pericardium and pericardial cavity?
Prevents friction
What are the three layers of the heart?
Endocardium, myocardium and epicardium
What is the function of the vena cava?
Allow deoxygenated blood flow into the heart
What is the function of the aorta?
Allow oxygenated blood to flow from the heart to tissues
What is the purpose of the fibrous skeleton?
Separates the different chambers of the heart and encircles the great vessels
What are the two AV valves?
Tricuspid and Bicuspid
What are the two types of semi lunar valves?
Pulmonary and aortic
What anchors the AV valves to the papillary muscles?
Chordae tendinea
What is the role of the AV valves and papillary muscles?
Contraction of papillary muscles prevents eversion of the valves and thus back flow of blood into the atria
How much blood does the heart receive per minute?
250ml
What does the left coronary artery bifurcate into?
The circumflex artery and the left anterior descending artery
What does the right coronary artery bifurcate into?
marginal artery and posterior descending branch
What vein is the marginal branch accompanied by?
Small cardiac vein
What vein is the left anterior descending artery accompanied by?
Great cardiac vein
Which vein does the posterior descending artery accompany?
The middle cardiac vein
What is the final stage of the conducting system?
The purkinje fibres
What is the role of the foremen ovale?
Allows blood to bypass the right ventricle and pulmonary system
What is the role of the ductus arteriosus?
Connects the pulmonary trunk to the arch of the aorta, bypasses the pulmonary system and left side of the heart
What is the role of the ductus venosus?
Connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava so the blood bypasses the liver
