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Blood and Heart > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

Aortic semilunar valve

A

The valve between the left ventricle and the aorta that keeps blood from flowing back into the ventricle

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2
Q

Ascending aorta

A

The major blood vessel that leaves the left ventricle and continues into the aortic arch

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3
Q

Bicuspid (mitral) valve

A

valve

Left atrioventricular valve with two cusps or flaps; also called the mitral valve

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4
Q

Brachial plexus

A

network of nerves formed by the ventral rami of spinal nerves C5 to T1 and is located between the anterior scalene and middle scalene muscles; its branches innervate the upper extremity

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5
Q

Brachiocephalic artery

A

Most anterior branch of the aortic arch; provides blood to the arm and head on the right side

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6
Q

Chordae tendineae

A

String or cordlike structures that extend between the papillary muscles and the flaps of the atrioventricular valves in the ventricles of the heart

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7
Q

Common carotid arteries

A

Blood vessels that ascend in the neck to provide oxygenated blood to the head

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8
Q

Coronary sinus

A

A thin-walled venous dilation on the posterior surface of the heart; collects blood from the cardiac veins and drains into the right atrium

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9
Q

Descending aorta

A

Continuation of the aortic arch into the thorax and abdomen to provide oxygenated blood to those regions

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10
Q

Inferior vena cava

A

Large vein that collects blood from all parts of the body inferior to the heart and returns it to the right atrium

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11
Q

Interatrial septum

A

The partition between the right atrium and left atrium

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12
Q

Internal carotid arteries

A

Branches of the common carotid arteries that pass through the carotid canal and provide oxygenated blood to the brain

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13
Q

Internal jugular veins

A

Vessels that drain blood from the brain and descend through the neck to join the subclavian veins to form the brachiocephalic veins

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14
Q

Interventricular septum

A

The partition between the right ventricle and left ventricle

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15
Q

Left atrium

A

Chamber of the heart that receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through the pulmonary veins

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16
Q

Left ventricle

A

Chamber of the heart that pumps oxygenated blood through the aorta into systemic circulation

17
Q

Pectinate muscle

A

Muscular ridges in the atria of the heart

18
Q

Pericardium

A

Membranous sac that encloses the heart

19
Q

Pulmonary semilunar valve

A

Valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary trunk that keeps blood from flowing back into the ventricle

20
Q

Pulmonary trunk

A

Large vessel that receives deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle

21
Q

R & L brachiocephalic veins

A

Veins that are formed by the internal jugular and subclavian veins, then merge to form the superior vena cava

22
Q

R & L coronary arteries

A

Vessels that carry oxygenated blood to the myocardium; first branches of the ascending aorta and located at the level of the aortic semilunar valve

23
Q

R & L lungs

A

The two main organs of respiration located in the pleural cavities on either side of the heart

24
Q

R & L mainstem bronchi

A

Airways formed by the bifurcation of the trachea

25
Q

R & L pulmonary arteries

A

Blood vessels that transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

26
Q

R & L pulmonary veins

A

Blood vessels that transport oxygenated blood from the lungs and return it to the left atrium

27
Q

R & L subclavian arteries

A

Vessels that provide oxygenated blood to the upper extremity; on the right, it is a branch of the brachiocephalic artery and on the left it is the posterior branch of the aortic arch; continues into the axilla as the axillary artery

28
Q

R & L subclavian veins

A

Vessels that return blood from the upper extremity to the heart; merge with the internal jugular veins to form the brachiocephalic veins

29
Q

Right atrium

A

Chamber of the heart that receives deoxygenated blood from coronary circulation through the coronary sinus and from systemic circulation through the superior vena cava and inferior vena cava

30
Q

Right ventricle

A

Chamber of the heart that pumps deoxygenated blood through the pulmonary trunk to the lungs

31
Q

Superior vena cava

A

Large vein that collects blood from all parts of the body superior to the heart and returns it to the right atrium

32
Q

Tricuspid valve

A

Valve with three cusps located between the right atrium and the right ventricle

33
Q

Vertebral arteries

A

Branches of the subclavian arteries that ascend in the transverse foramina of cervical arteries, pass through the foramen magnum, and then join to form the basilar artery; supply blood to the brain

34
Q
  1. Fibrous pericardium (superficial):
A

tough, dense connective tissue for protects the heart, anchors it to surrounding structures, and prevents overfilling of the heart with blood.

35
Q
  1. Serous pericardium (inner):
A

parietal: lines internal surface of fibrous pericardium; attaches to large arteries exiting the heart
- visceral (epicardium): thin membrane that continues over the external heart surface
- Parietal layer of serous pericardium: lines the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium.

36
Q
  1. Pericardial cavity:
A

between the parietal and visceral layers; slitlike cavity that contains a film of protein-rich fluid

37
Q
  1. Pericardial cavity:
A

between the parietal and visceral layers; slitlike cavity that contains a film of protein-rich fluid

38
Q

pathway of blood through the heart.

A

Superior Vena Cava -> Right Atrium -> Tricuspid Valve -> Right Ventricle -> Pulmonary Semilunar Valve -> Pulmonary arteries -> Lungs

Lungs -> Pulmonary Veins -> Left Atrium -> Bicuspid Valve -> Left Ventricle -> Aortic Semilunar Valve -> Aorta -> systemic circulations

Blood and Heart (5 decks)

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