Cardiovascular System

Question 1

pathway of blood through heart 1

Answer 1

superior vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary semilunar valve, pulmonary arteries, lungs

Question 2

pathway of blood through heart 2

Answer 2

lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, biscuspid valve, left ventricle, aortic semilunar valve, aorta, systemic circulations

Question 3

the right and left Atria are the

Answer 3

receiving chambers of the heart

Question 4

the pectinate muscles areridges are

Answer 4

ridges on the anterior wall of the right atrium, and both auricles

Question 5

the Fossa ovalis is

Answer 5

the previously known foramen (fetal), shallow depression in the interatrial septum, scars shut

Question 6

the Coronary sinus

Answer 6

drains blood from the heart walls, inferior to the fossa ovalis

Question 7

The pulmonary vein is

Answer 7

located on the left atrium

Question 8

the Bicuspid

Answer 8

two string tendon like structure on the left atrioventricular valve

Question 9

the tricuspid

Answer 9

three string tendon like structure on the right atrioventricular valve

Question 10

the right ventricle

Answer 10

pumps blood to the pulmonary trunnk

Question 11

the left ventricle

Answer 11

pumps blood to the aorta

Question 12

Trabeculae Carneae

Answer 12

beams of flesh, meat rebar

Question 13

papillary muscles

Answer 13

muscular “nipples” keep the valves shut

Question 14

Chordae Tendineae

Answer 14

heart strings (fibers of collagen)

Question 15

Pulmonary/aortic semilunar valve

Answer 15

prevents back-flow from the pulmonary trunk

Question 16

Blood flows through the heart in one direction :

Answer 16

from the atria to the ventricles and out the great arteries leaving the superior aspect of the heart. Four valves enforce this one way traffic. They open and close in response to differences in blood pressure on their two sides

Question 17

Atrioventricular Valves

Answer 17

the two atrioventricular valves (AV), one located at each atrial-ventricular junction, prevent back-flow into the atria when the ventricles contract

Question 18

The right AV valve

Answer 18

the tricuspid valve has three flexible cusps

Question 19

The left AV valve

Answer 19

the mitral valve(bicuspid) has two cusps,

Question 20

attached to each AV valve are

Answer 20

tiny white collagen cords called Chordae tendineae

Question 21

Chordae Tendineae

Answer 21

heart strings which anchor the cusps to papillary muscles protruding from the ventricular walls

Question 22

When the heart is completely relaxed, the

Answer 22

AV valve flaps hang limply into the ventricular chambers below. during this time, blood flows into the atria and then through the open AV valves into the ventricles

Question 23

When the ventricles contract, compressing blood in their chambers

Answer 23

the intraventricular pressure rises, forcing the blood superiorly against the valve flaps. as a result, the flap edges meet, closing the valve

Question 24

The chordae tendineae and the papillary muscles

Answer 24

serve as wires that anchor the valve flaps in their closed position.

Question 25

If the cusps were not anchored during the flow of blood

Answer 25

they would be blown upward, into the atria the same way an umbrella is blown inside out by a gusty wind

Question 26

the papillary muscles

Answer 26

contract with the other ventricular musculature so that they take up the slack on the chordae tendineae as the full force of ventricular contraction hurls the blood against the AV valve flaps