Heart Flashcards
What does the coronary sulcus separate?
Atria and ventricles
What does the interventricular sulcus separate?
Ventricles
What does the interatrial septum separate?
Atria
What does the interventricular septum separate?
Ventricles
What has both a muscular AND membranous component in the heart?
Interventricular septum
What sympathetic nerves innervate the heart?
Cardiac nerves
What parasympathetic nerves innervate the heart?
Vagus nerves
Where does the RA receive blood from?
SVC
IVC
Coronary sinus
How do the AV valves close?
Contraction of ventricles causes contraction of papillary muscles which push valves shut
What is the function of chordae tendinae?
Connect papillary muscles to AV valves
What is the function of the moderator band?
Connects papillary muscle to interventricular septum and helps with contraction
What is the conus arteriosus?
Infundibulum
Region before the pulmonary trunk in RV
How are the semilunar valves closed?
Passively closed when blood flows back and shuts cusps
Where is the apex?
Anterolateral
5th intercostal space
What comprises the apex?
LV
What three structures are found at the base?
LA
RA (little bit)
Vena Cavae and Pulmonary veins
Where does the base lie?
Posterior
What structures are on the right border?
SVC, IVC, RA
What structures are on the left border?
LV
Left auricle
Aortic arch
What structures are on the inferior border?
RV
LV
What makes up the anterior sternocostal surface?
RV
Where is the anterior sternocostal surface?
Posterior to sternum and costal cartilages
What makes up the posterior surface?
Base:
- LA
- SVC
- IVC
- Little bit of RA
What makes up the right pulmonary surface?
RA
What structure does the right surface touch?
Right lung
What makes up the left pulmonary surface?
LV
Left auricle
What structure does the left surface touch?
Left lung
What makes up the inferior surface?
RV
LV
What structure does the inferior surface touch?
Diaphragm
Where do the right and left coronary arteries branch from?
Ascending aorta
Where do the right and left coronary arteries initially travel?
Coronary sulcus
Where does the right coronary artery branch from?
Ascending aorta near right auricle
Where does the right coronary artery travel?
In coronary sulcus between RA and RV
What arteries does the right coronary artery branch into?
Sinoatrial nodal
Marginal
Posterior interventricular artery
Small AV nodal branch
Where does the left coronary artery branch from?
Aortic arch posterior to pulmonary trunk
What conduction structures does the right coronary artery supply?
SA node and AV node
What conduction structure does the left coronary artery supply?
AV bundle and branches
What does the left coronary artery branch into?
Anterior interventricular branch (Left anterior descending)
Circumflex branch
Where does the left anterior descending branch travel?
Down anterior interventricular sulcus to the left ventricle
Would you find the right or left coronary arteries in the anterior or posterior region?
Right- posterior
Left- anterior
Where does the circumflex branch travel?
Along coronary sulcus on the left side but STOPS before it hits the posterior interventricular sulcus
Where does most of the coronary blood drain?
Coronary sinus
Where does the great cardiac vein originate?
Apex
What are the cardiac veins?
Great, middle, small, anterior
Where does the great cardiac vein travel?
From apex along anterior interventricular sulcus to coronary sulcus posteriorly to meet with the coronary sinus
What vessels does the great cardiac vein travel with?
Left anterior descending artery/Anterior interventricular
Circumflex
Where does the middle cardiac vein travel?
Posterior interventricular sulcus to coronary sinus
What vessel does the middle cardiac vein travel with?
Posterior interventricular artery
What vessel does the small cardiac vein travel with?
Marginal artery
Where do the anterior cardiac veins travel?
RV to RA (NOT stopping at coronary sinus)
Where is the PMI?
5th intercostal space midclavicular line in LV
Where is the mitral valve heard best?
Apex
Where is the aortic valve heard best?
Right 2nd intercostal space
Where is the pulmonary valve heard best?
Left 2nd intercostal space
Where is the tricuspid valve heard best?
Left 5th intercostal space
Where is fossa ovalis located?
RA
Where is the mitral valve located?
LA-LV
Where are the pulmonary veins located?
LA
Where is the crista terminalis located?
RA
Where are the trabeculae carnae?
LV
RV
Where is the aortic valve?
LV
Where are the pectinate muscles?
LA
RA
Where is the ostium for coronary sinus?
RA
Where is the tricuspid?
RA to RV
Where are the papillary muscles?
RV
LV
Where are the chordae tendinae?
LV
RV
Where is the valve of foramen ovale?
LA
Where is the pulmonary valve?
RV
Where is the moderator band?
RV
Where is the IVC?
RA
Where are the auricles?
RA
LA
Where is the conus arteriosus?
RV
What are the auricles?
Attachments to the atria that are primitive regions of atria and are reservoirs for blood
