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Biology F211 > HEART > Flashcards

HEART Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the advantages of a closed circulatory system?

A
  • Maintain higher blood pressure
  • Increase rate of blood flow
  • Blood flow can be diverted
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2
Q

SYSTOLE

A

Contraction

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3
Q

DIASTOLE

A

Relaxation

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4
Q

OPEN CIRCULATION

A

The blood is not maintained inside vessels

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5
Q

CLOSED CIRCULATION

A

The blood is maintained inside vessel

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6
Q

SINGLE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

A

Blood passes through the heart once for each full circuit of the body

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7
Q

DOUBLE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

A

Blood passes through the heart twice for each full circuit of the body

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8
Q

When a chamber relaxes it:

A
  • Diastole
  • Increases in volume
  • Decreases in pressure
  • Causes blood to flow in (from an area of higher pressure)
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9
Q

When a chamber contracts it:

A
  • Systole
  • Decreases in volume
  • Increases in pressure
  • forces blood out (to an area of lower pressure)
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10
Q

Step 1 of the Cardiac Cycle

A

Atrial Systole

  • Decreases in volume
  • Increases in blood pressure
  • Blood is forced out
  • Valves are forced open (2)
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11
Q

Step 2 of the Cardiac Cycle

A

Ventricular Systole

  • Decreases in volume
  • Increases in blood pressure
  • Valves stop back flow of blood (1,3)
  • Blood is forced out
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12
Q

Step 3 of the Cardiac Cycle

A 
Ventricular Diastole
- Increases in volume 
- Decreases in blood pressure
- Blood is forced in
(1,2)
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13
Q

Explain why the wall of the left ventricle is thicker than the wall of the left atrium or right ventricle.

A
  • More muscle to create more force
  • Needs to create high pressure
  • Dish blood against greater resistance
  • Left ventricle pumps blood further
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14
Q

Bottom left of graph

A

Atrioventricular valves close

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15
Q

Top left of graph

A

Semi-lunar valves open

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16
Q

Top right of graph

A

Semi-lunar valves close

17
Q

Bottom right of graph

A

Atrioventricular valves open

18
Q

What type of muscle is the cardiac muscle? What does it mean?

A
  • Myogenic

- Cardiac muscle cells can contract and relax independently without any stimulation from the brain

19
Q

What is responsible for initiating the electrical impulse during the cardiac cycle? Where is it located?

A
  • Sinoatrial node

- In the posterior wall of the right atrium

20
Q

P WAVE

A
  • Atrial Systole

- Atria contract

21
Q

QRS WAVE

A
  • Ventricular Systole

- Ventricles contract

22
Q

T WAVE

A
  • Diastole

- Relaxation of the whole heart

Biology F211 (11 decks)

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