Heart Flashcards
Name the 2 membranes surrounding the heart
- Visceral Pericardium- directly attached to heart
- Parietal Pericardium
Inflammation of the pericardium
Pericarditis
“Lines the INSIDE of the heart chamber”
Endocardium
“Heart muscle”
Myocardium
“Lines the inside of the blood vessels”
Endothelium
“An infection/inflammation of the lining inside the heart”
Endocarditis
Explain how blood flows through the heart
- Superior Vena Cava
- Right Atrium
- Fossa Ovalis
- Tricuspid valve
- Sees Chordae tendineae and papillary muscle
- Right Ventricle
- Trabeculae carnae
- exits through pulmonary semilunar valve
- Left pulmonary vein
- Left Atrium
- Bicuspid valve
- Goes out though aortic semilunar valve
How does the parasympathetic nervous system change heart rate?
SLOWS HEART RATE DOWN
How does the sympathetic nervous system change heart rate?
INCREASES HEART RATE
Name the layers of the heart from out to in
- Parietal pericardium
- Parietal cavity
- Heart wall, which is made of
-visceral pericardium
-myocardium
-endocardium - Heart chamber
Name the structures of a fetal heart and what they turn into when you’re an adult
- Foramen Ovale —> Fossa Ovalis
- Ductus Arteriosus —> Ligamentum arteriosum
- Ductus Venosus —> Ligamentum venosum
- Umbilical vein —> Ligamentum teres
- Umbilical arteries —> medial umbilical ligaments
What are the 4 heart valves?
- Tricuspid
- Bicuspid
- Aortic
- Pulmonary
What are the different types of heart sounds?
- Murmur
- Swish
- Screeching
What does a “murmur” heart sound indicate?
Abnormal heart rate
What does a “swish” heart sound indicate?
Valves not closing properly
What does a “screech” heart sound indicate?
Valves not opening properly
Name the 4 types of CHF
Coronary artherosclerosis
Chronic hypertension
Multiple MI’s
Endocarditis
Where are the sounds of the aortic valve heard in?
2nd intercostal, right sternal
Where are the sounds of the pulmonary valve heard in?
2nd intercostal space, LEFT STERNAL
Where are the sounds of the mitral valve heard in?
5th intercostal space, APEX OF HEART
Where are the sounds of the tricuspid valve heard in?
5th intercostal space, RIGHT STERNAL
What is the sequence of excitation of the heart?
SA node
AV node
AV bundle
Bundle Branches
Purkinje fibers
What is the normal sinus rhythm of the SA node?
75 bpm
