Endoocrine Flashcards
What are the 2 subgroups of metabolism?
Catabolism
Anabolism
Name the 6 endocrine glands?
- Pituitary
- Thyroid
- Parathyroid
- Adrenal
- Pineal
- Thymus
What are the mixed endocrine/exocrine glands?
Pancreas
Gonads
What are the two types of hormones?
- Amino acid based
- Steroid hormones
“A release of hormones in response to other hormones”
Tropic Hormone
Which 2 parts of the nervous system can control the endocrine system?
Hypothalamus
Pituitary glands
What are the 2 lobes of the pituitary glands?
Adenohypophysis
Neurohypohysis
How do hormones get to the pituitary gland (POSTERIOR)
An AXON travels down from the hypothalamus and travels through the HYPOPHYSEAL TRACT
How do hormones get to the pituitary gland (ANTERIOR)
A CHEMICAL is released by the hypothalamus and travels down the hypophyseal portal system
What are the 2 hormones released by the posterior pituitary (Neurohypophysis)
- Oxytocin
-love hormone
-causes birth contractions - ADH
-causes DIRECT water reabsorption
-too much = edema
-too little = diabetes insipidus
What are the 6 hormones released by the Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis)
- Growth Hormone
- Prolactin
- TSH
- ACTH
- FSH
- LH
.
What is another name for growth hormone?
Somatotropin
What happens if you have too much or too little GH?
Too much:
Gigantism - children
Acromegaly - adults
Too little:
Dwarfism
Which 6 hormones of the pituitary gland are gonadotropins?
FSH
-stimulates the ovum
LH
-causes ovulation
Which 2 hormones does the thyroid gland produce?
TH
-T3
-T4
Calcitonin
-decreased blood calcium
Name 3 effects of hyperthyroidism
- Increases heat
- Increased HR
- Increased appetite
- Increased metabolism
Name 3 effects of hypothyroidism
- Decreased metabolism
- Depression
- Decreased appetite
- Decrease body temperature
What hormones does the parathyroid gland produce?
Parathyroid hormone
-increases calcium in blood
What happens when there’s too little parathyroid hormone?
Tetany- prolonged muscle contraction
What happens when there’s too much parathyroid hormone?
Bone deformation
What does the Adrenal gland produce?
Corticosteroids
What are the 3 types of corticosteroids?
- Aldosterone
-INDIRECTLY causes water reabsorption
-Sodium reabsorption
-Potassium released - Cortisol
-increases blood glucose - Androgens
-converted into testosterone and estrogen
What does the adrenal medulla produce?
- Epinephrine
- Norepinephrine
What hormone does the pancreas produce?
- Glucagon
-stimulated by hypoglycemia - Insulin
-stimulated by hyperglycemia
