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SPECIAL SENSES > HEARING part I > Flashcards

HEARING part I Flashcards

1
Q

the ability to perceive sounds

A

HEARING

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2
Q

2 fundamental units of the ear

A
  • auditory apparatus - for hearing
  • vestibular apparatus - for balance
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3
Q

the ear is divided in 3 main regions:

A
  • external
  • middle
  • internal
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4
Q

which collects sound waves and
channels them inward

A

external ear

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5
Q

which conveys sound vibrations to the oval
window

A

middle ear

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6
Q

which houses the receptors for hearing and equilibrium

A

internal ear

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7
Q

parts of external ear

A
  • auricle/pinna
  • external auditory meatus/canal
  • tympanic membrane/eardrum
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8
Q
  • Is a flap of elastic cartilage shaped like the flared end of a trumpet and covered by skin
A

AURICLE/PINNA

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9
Q
  • upper portion of auricle/pinna
A

RIM (HELIX)

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10
Q
  • inferior portion of auricle/pinna
A

LOBULE

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11
Q
  • is a curved tube about 2.5 - 3 cm (1 in.)
    long that lies in the temporal bone and leads to the eardrum
A

external auditory meatus/canal

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12
Q

the external auditory canal contains a
few hairs and specialized sweat glands called

A

ceruminous glands

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13
Q

ceruminous gland secrete

A

earwax/cerumen

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14
Q
  • is a thin semi-transparent membrane that
    separates the external ear from the middle ear
A

tympanic membrane/eardrum

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15
Q

what is the primary function of eardrum

A

directs sound waves to the middle ear

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16
Q

A small, air-filled cavity that lies in the temporal bone
Separated from the external ear by the tympanic membrane or eardrum & from the
internal ear by a thin bony partition

A

middle ear (tympanic cavity)

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17
Q

tympanic cavity contains 2 membrane-covered openings called

A
  • oval
  • round window
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18
Q

parts of the middle ear

A
  • auditory/eustachian tube (pharyngotympanic tube)
  • auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes)
19
Q

Connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx

A

auditory/eustachian tube

20
Q

primary function of auditory tube

A

equalizes air pressure on both sides of the tympanic
membrane

21
Q

It Includes the 3 smallest bones of the body and named after their shapes. It is connected by synovial joints

A

auditory ossicles

22
Q

primary function of auditory ossicles

A

transmit sound waves from the eardrum to the fluid in the cochlea thru the oval window

23
Q

– its handle is attached to the internal surface of the
tympanic membrane and its head articulates with the body of the incus

A

malleus/hammer

24
Q

what shape is the malleus

A

hammer

25
Q

middle bone; articulates with the head of the stapes

A

incus/anvil

26
Q

what is the shape of incus

A

anvil

27
Q

its base or footplate fits into the oval window

A

stapes/stirrups

28
Q

what is the shape of stapes

A

stirrups

29
Q

other term for inner ear

A

labyrinth

30
Q

2 main divisions of inner ear/labyrinth

A
  • outer bony labyrinth
  • inner membranous labyrinth
31
Q
  • is a series of cavities in the petrous portion of the temporal bone
A

outer bony labyrinth

32
Q

outer bony labyrinth is divided in 3 areas:

A
  • semicircular canals
  • vestibule
  • cochlea
33
Q

the outer bony labyrinth is lined with periosteum and contains fluid called

A

perilymph

34
Q
  • snail-shaped (FOR HEARING)
  • It is a bony spiral canal that resembles the shape of a snail, making 3 complete turns
A

cochlea

35
Q

3 compartments of cochlea

A
  • scala vestibule
  • scala tympani
  • scala media/cochlear duct
36
Q
  • the upper passage above the bony
    partition and ends at the oval window
A

scala vestibule

37
Q

– the lower compartment below the bony
partition; ends at the round window

A

scala tympani

38
Q

– lies between the scala
vestibule & scala tympani

A

scala media/cochlear duct

39
Q

it separates the cochlear duct from the scala
tympani

A

basilar membrane

40
Q

it separates the cochlear duct from the scala
vestibule

A

vestibular membrane

41
Q

is an organ of hearing which
consists of epithelial cells, supporting cells and hair cells

A

organ of corti/spiral organ

42
Q

receptors for auditory sensation

A

hair cells

43
Q

30-100 sterocilia (long, hair-like micorvilli)

A

hair bundles

SPECIAL SENSES (7 decks)

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