Hearing Flashcards
What is the term for the sound field in which sound waves reflect from a single surface and return toward their source?
A. diffusing field
B. sinusoid movement
C. simple reflective field
C. simple reflective field
T/F: White noise is a broad, continuous band of noise with equal sound pressure at each frequency.
True
T/F: Vibration is damped and eventually extinguished by friction in the real world.
True
What are the three components of impedance?
stiffness, mass, friction
T/F: Smaller middle ear cavity is lower admittance.
True
Which is the flow of energy through the vibrating system?
A. impedance
B. admittance
C. immittance
Admittance: with higher admittance is lower impedance
What is the measure of the change in admittance as air pressure changes and provides a means of separating the admittance?
tympanometry
Type A: shallow
reduced movement of TM, otosclerosis, or OME (fluid)
Type B: flat
OME, perforation of the TM or PE tubes, impacted cerumen
Type C: Negative pressure
should resolve when ET is opened, if not fluid in the ME may occur
What is the fixation of the stapes in the oval window?
otosclerosis
T/F: OAEs are low level acoustic vibrations measure in the ear canal, travel along the basilar membrane through the middle ear ossicles and vibrate the TM which vibrates the air in the external ear canal
true
Which of the following does NOT an OAE tell us? A. forward and reverse transmission B. blockage of the EAC C. inner hair cells function D. conductive mechanism function
C. inner hair cells function
T/F: TEOAEs are evoked by the presentation of a series of brief clicks, recorded during the short silent intervals between successive clocks and occur with a time delay after each click
True
How many parts is the ear divided into?
FIVE: outer ear, middle ear, inner ear, 8th cranial nerve, and the central auditory nervous system
What are the ossicles?
malleus, incus, stapes
What are the components of the inner ear?
bony labyrinth, cochlea, oval window, round window, vestibule, three semicircular canals
What are the advantages/disadvantages of single subject design?
Advantages:
- all subjects serves as own controls
- all subjects receive treatment
- blinding can be maintained
Disadvantages
- all subjects receive placebo or alt. treatment
- cannot be used for treatments with permanent effects
What type of validity is the degree to which the items on the test are representative of the measure: appropriateness of items; completeness of the items sampled; degree to which the items assess the content.
Content validity
What is how well the descriptive statistics define the distribution of scores in the normative sample?
measures central tendency
What is the p-value?
likelihood that the difference occurred by chance
if it is set at < 0.05 then there is less than a 5% probability that the observed difference occurred by chance or at random
What is the null hypothesis?
states that there is no difference between groups or no relationship among variables
What is nystagmus?
catching up system, when your system is not okay there is an abnormality or higher nystagmus
Air conduction masking: whenever the difference between the air conduction threshold of the test ear and the bone conduction threshold of the non test ear is greater than or equal to the interaural attenuation
present masking (narrow band of noise) at 1000 Hz to the left ear and then continue presenting the test tone at 1000 Hz to the right ear
Sensorineural hearing loss
air - bone gap < 10 db
conductive hearing loss
air - bone gap > 10 db; DC < 25 dB HL
What is speech reception threshold?
the level at which a patient is able to correctly repeat 50% of the speech stimuli
What is the speech banana?
representation of speech sounds at the conversational level, used on the audiogram as a patient counseling tool
What is the Hearing In Noise Test? (HINT)
evaluates the patient’s ability to recognize sentences in the presence of background noise based on the speech recognition in noise test, noise is a steady broadband noise
