Hearing

Question 1

What is the term for the sound field in which sound waves reflect from a single surface and return toward their source?
A. diffusing field
B. sinusoid movement
C. simple reflective field

Answer 1

C. simple reflective field

Question 2

T/F: White noise is a broad, continuous band of noise with equal sound pressure at each frequency.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

T/F: Vibration is damped and eventually extinguished by friction in the real world.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

What are the three components of impedance?

Answer 4

stiffness, mass, friction

Question 5

T/F: Smaller middle ear cavity is lower admittance.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Which is the flow of energy through the vibrating system?
A. impedance
B. admittance
C. immittance

Answer 6

Admittance: with higher admittance is lower impedance

Question 7

What is the measure of the change in admittance as air pressure changes and provides a means of separating the admittance?

Answer 7

tympanometry

Question 8

Type A: shallow

Answer 8

reduced movement of TM, otosclerosis, or OME (fluid)

Question 9

Type B: flat

Answer 9

OME, perforation of the TM or PE tubes, impacted cerumen

Question 10

Type C: Negative pressure

Answer 10

should resolve when ET is opened, if not fluid in the ME may occur

Question 11

What is the fixation of the stapes in the oval window?

Answer 11

otosclerosis

Question 12

T/F: OAEs are low level acoustic vibrations measure in the ear canal, travel along the basilar membrane through the middle ear ossicles and vibrate the TM which vibrates the air in the external ear canal

Answer 12

true

Question 13

Which of the following does NOT an OAE tell us?
A. forward and reverse transmission 
B. blockage of the EAC
C. inner hair cells function
D. conductive mechanism function

Answer 13

C. inner hair cells function

Question 14

T/F: TEOAEs are evoked by the presentation of a series of brief clicks, recorded during the short silent intervals between successive clocks and occur with a time delay after each click

Answer 14

True

Question 15

How many parts is the ear divided into?

Answer 15

FIVE: outer ear, middle ear, inner ear, 8th cranial nerve, and the central auditory nervous system

Question 16

What are the ossicles?

Answer 16

malleus, incus, stapes

Question 17

What are the components of the inner ear?

Answer 17

bony labyrinth, cochlea, oval window, round window, vestibule, three semicircular canals

Question 18

What are the advantages/disadvantages of single subject design?

Answer 18

Advantages:

• all subjects serves as own controls
• all subjects receive treatment
• blinding can be maintained

Disadvantages

• all subjects receive placebo or alt. treatment
• cannot be used for treatments with permanent effects

Question 19

What type of validity is the degree to which the items on the test are representative of the measure: appropriateness of items; completeness of the items sampled; degree to which the items assess the content.

Answer 19

Content validity

Question 20

What is how well the descriptive statistics define the distribution of scores in the normative sample?

Answer 20

measures central tendency

Question 21

What is the p-value?

Answer 21

likelihood that the difference occurred by chance

if it is set at < 0.05 then there is less than a 5% probability that the observed difference occurred by chance or at random

Question 22

What is the null hypothesis?

Answer 22

states that there is no difference between groups or no relationship among variables

Question 23

What is nystagmus?

Answer 23

catching up system, when your system is not okay there is an abnormality or higher nystagmus

Question 24

Air conduction masking: whenever the difference between the air conduction threshold of the test ear and the bone conduction threshold of the non test ear is greater than or equal to the interaural attenuation

Answer 24

present masking (narrow band of noise) at 1000 Hz to the left ear and then continue presenting the test tone at 1000 Hz to the right ear

Question 25

Sensorineural hearing loss

Answer 25

air - bone gap < 10 db

Question 26

conductive hearing loss

Answer 26

air - bone gap > 10 db; DC < 25 dB HL

Question 27

What is speech reception threshold?

Answer 27

the level at which a patient is able to correctly repeat 50% of the speech stimuli

Question 28

What is the speech banana?

Answer 28

representation of speech sounds at the conversational level, used on the audiogram as a patient counseling tool

Question 29

What is the Hearing In Noise Test? (HINT)

Answer 29

evaluates the patient’s ability to recognize sentences in the presence of background noise based on the speech recognition in noise test, noise is a steady broadband noise