Healthly Eating And Diet

Question 0

What does malnourished mean?

Answer 0

The condition when the body does not get a balanced diet.

Question 1

A balance diet contains…?

Answer 1

Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats
Water
Vitamins
Minerals 
Fibre

Question 2

What is your metabolic rate?

Answer 2

The rate of which your reactions take place in the cells of your body.

Question 3

Why do people need different amounts of energy?

Answer 3

Because the metabolic rate varies from person to person.

Question 4

Define obese.

Answer 4

Very overweight with a bmi over 30

Question 5

Factors that affect the amount of energy people need?

Answer 5

Age- fully grown or still growing
Sex- men usually need more
Metabolic rate
Pregnancy
Environment temp
Daily activities

Question 6

Long term obesity can lead to?

Answer 6

Type 2 diabetes
Arthritis
Strokes
Heart disease

Question 7

What can an obese person do?

Answer 7

Increase amount of exercise

Reduce amount of energy rich foods like carbohydrates

Question 8

What might you suffer from if your diet is not balanced?

Answer 8

Malnutrition

Question 9

Without small amounts of vitamins and minerals you will suffer from…?

Answer 9

Deficiency diseases

Question 10

Rickets is caused by lack of

Answer 10

Calcium

Question 11

Scurvy is caused by lack of

Answer 11

Vitamin c

Question 12

Reason for heating the inoculating loop in hot Bunsen flame

Answer 12

Sterilisation. It kills off any bacteria on the inoculating loop.

Question 13

Reason for cooling the loop before putting it into bacterial culture

Answer 13

If it is too hot then it’ll kill the bacteria you are trying to grow

Question 14

Reason for the Petri dish being only partly opened

Answer 14

It prevents other microbes in the air getting onto the plate.

Question 15

What do you need GOOD cholesterol for?

Answer 15

For your cell membranes and to make vital substances inside your body.

Question 16

Your metabolic rate is affected by:—?

Answer 16

The genes you inherit from your parents and the amount of exercise you do.

Question 17

Are foods rich in saturated fat good for your body?

Answer 17

No, they increase blood cholesterol levels.

Question 18

How can people change their lifestyle to help lower their blood cholesterol levels?

Answer 18

They can increase exercise/ reduce saturated fat intake

Question 19

Why do starving people find it difficult to walk about?

Answer 19

They’re suffering from deficiency diseases due to lack of vitamins and minerals.

Question 20

Why do people become obese?

Answer 20

They take in more energy than the energy used.

Question 21

Why does eating too much makes you put on weight?

Answer 21

The food contains energy and any excess energy is stored in the body as fat.

Question 22

Explain how daily exercise helps a person to lose mass.

Answer 22

Exercise increases metabolic rate and exercise needs energy and this comes from fats.

Question 23

Why do you need to eat food?

Answer 23

For energy and to build new cells

Question 24

Why does a pregnant woman need more energy than a woman who isn’t pregnant?

Answer 24

Because a pregnant woman has to provide energy for a growing baby as well as herself.

Question 25

Why do athletes need to eat more food than the average person?

Answer 25

Athletes have a lot of muscle tissue and muscle tissue burns up a lot of energy.

Question 26

Explain why some people put on weight more easily than others?

Answer 26

Some people have a slower metabolic rate, some take less exercise, some eat more and do not use up all the energy they take in as good so they store the excess as fat.

Question 27

Why do you need cholesterol in your body?

Answer 27

To make the membranes of your body cells and maintain normal hormone production.

Question 28

Why do we culture microorganisms in the laboratory?

Answer 28

To find out more about them. To find out which nutrients they need to grow and to investigate what will affect them and stop them growing

Question 29

Why don’t we culture bacteria at 37 degrees in the school lab?

Answer 29

This is the human body temperature so any bacteria which grow at that temperature would likely to be able to infect people and cause harm.

Question 30

What might limit the growth of the bacteria in a culture on a Petri dish?

Answer 30

Build up of waste products ie. carbon dioxide
Toxins
Using up the available oxygen

Question 31

Why is it important not to use antibiotics too frequently?

Answer 31

To prevent more antibiotic resistant strains appearing.

Question 32

Is MRSA a bacterium or a virus?

Answer 32

Bacterium

Question 33

Give an example of one bacterial and one viral disease which you can be immunised by?

Answer 33

Bacterial: tetanus
Viral: measles, mumps and rubella , polio

Question 34

Explain why vaccines can be used against both bacterial and viral diseases but antibiotics only work against bacteria.

Answer 34

Vaccine can be made using inactive viruses of bacteria so can stimulate antibody production against either type of pathogen thereby developing immunity. Viruses reproduce inside body cells so antibiotics cannot kill them without killing the cells of the body at the same time.

Question 35

How is a pandemic different from a epidemic?

Answer 35

A pandemic occurs when a disease spreads between different countries , an epidemic occurs within one country.

Question 36

Why don’t doctors give antibiotics for mild throat infections?

Answer 36

They can get better quickly without antibiotics, overuse of antibiotics causes antibiotic resistance.