Health & Wellness

Question 1

What are the included in Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs?

Answer 1

1. Psychological: food, water, oxygen, shelter, clothing, sleep, reproduction
2. Safety: employment, health, resource, personal security, property
3. Love/ Belongings: family, friendship, sense of connection, intimacy
4. Esteem: self-esteem, respect, self-confidence, status
5. Self-actualization: desire t become the most that can be. we relax, and accept the facts for what they are, give back & do whatever we want.

Question 2

What are the different aspects of Holistic Health?

Answer 2

• Also called CAM- Complimentary and Alternative medicine!
• ex are using herbs, essential oils, acupunctures, yoga, etc..
• Including:
  1. Psychological
  2. Physiological
  3. Socio-economic
  4. Spiritual

Question 3

What are the variables influencing Health beliefs & practices?

Answer 3

• Internal and External variables
• Internal:
  1. Developmental stage - ur younger child will have a different health view than ur older child and will be more anxious getting procedures done
  2. Intellect - how educated they are
  3. Perception - how they perceive themselves. Do they think they are ill? or they think that they’re doing just fine?
  4. Emotions - how stressed out they are.
  5. Spiritual - if they believe in a higher power, they might feel a bit more at peace if they’re facing illness/have short time to live
• External:
  1. Family practices - what our family believes has an impact in how we approach the healthcare
  2. Economics - access to healthcare. Do they have the money for it?
  3. Psychosocial - do i have support? do i have healthy/unhealthy relationship with my spouse/family?
  4. Culture

Question 4

What are the strategies of Health promotion?

Answer 4

1. Active:
   - patient is involved
   - make decisions to participate
   - EX:
   
   • Diet change, smoking cessation program, weight lost program, support groups, immunizations
2. Passive:
   - Health gains without patients conscious decision to participate
   - EX:
   
   • once a week you put out trash, vit. D infused in milk in store, fluoride in water (city water having fluoride)

Question 5

What are the levels of prevention care?

Answer 5

1. Primary Prevention:
   - Aimed at HEALTH PROMOTION
   - True prevention
   - Occurs BEFORE a disease or condition develops
   - EX: education about searbelts & wearing helmets, immunizations, classes for soon-to-be mom
2. Secondary Prevention:
   - Aimed at REDUCING SEVERITY
   - prevention of worsening
   - Occurs WHILE experiencing a health problem or illness
   - EX: screening blood pressure, prostate exam, mammogram, teaching a new diabetic about their diet they have to follow
3. Tertiary Prevention:
   - Aimed at preventing long term affects
   - prevention deterioration
   - Occurs AFTER DISABILITY or chronic disease is permanent & irreversible
   - EX: cardiac rehab after bypass surgery (OR ANY REHABS), range of motions/exercises for paraplegic

Question 6

What are the 5 risk factors that increase vulnerability of illness?

Answer 6

1. genetics – ppl w/ diabetics that run in the family
2. physiological – weight
3. age/developmental – old ppl are at more risk
4. environment – where you live; living near a chemical plant affects ur water quality
5. lifestyle – having a poor diet

Question 7

What are the non-modifiable and modifiable risk factors that can threaten our health?

Answer 7

• non modifiable risk factors:
  
  • age, genetics, ostomy care, race
• modifiable risk factors:
  
  • exercise, diet, sleep, environment, glucose, texting while driving, drug use, bullying, sexual behavior, poor control of hypertension

Question 8

What is the difference between illness of acute vs. chronic?

Answer 8

• Acute:
  
  • usually reversible (gets better once treated)
  • abrupt, intense
  • short duration
  • ex: broken bones, infections, fever, sore throat, colds,
• Chronic:
  
  • irreversible
  • persists longer than 6 months
  • affects more than 1 system or functioning
  • fluctuates btwn. functioning and serious relapse
    (flare-ups vs. remission)
    
    • ex: asthma, allergies, alzheimers, cancer, diabetes

Question 9

What are influences on illness behaviors (that determines if one will seek healthcare, comply with therapy, etc..)?

Answer 9

1. Internal:
   - perception of symptoms
   - nature of illness
2. External:
   - visibility of symptoms
   - sociocultural background

Question 10

How does illness impact us?

Answer 10

1. Behaviors –> how we react to the illness
2. Family roles & dynamics –? like who’s going to bring the kid to school, who’s going to work instead, who will pick up the kids at school?
3. Body image –> impact our concept of ourselves
4. Self- concept –> impacts our dignity, worth, and independence