Health Psychology And Human Diversity 1

Question 1

What is the major difference between the biomedical model and the biopsychosocial?

Answer 1

The biomedical model is a very old-fashioned view of medicine- illness is understood in terms of biological and physiological processes. Treatment involves physical interaction and psychology has no role in illness.
The biopsychosocial model understands that illness can be caused by biological, social and psychological factors. Treatment is of the whole person, not just the physical change that may have occurred. The patient is responsible for their own health.

Question 2

Define psychology.

Answer 2

The science of how people think, feel and behave.

Question 3

Describe the three areas involved in the biopsychosocial model. (3 factors in each of the 3 catergories)

Answer 3

Biological- physiology, genetics, pathogens
Psychological- cognition, emotion, behaviour
Social- class, employment, support

Question 4

Define stereotype.

Answer 4

Generalisations we make about specific social groups and members of those groups.

Question 5

What are schemata?

Answer 5

They are groups of related information. Where we store knowledge as mental representations.

Question 6

Describe the differences between stereotypes, prejudice and discrimination, and the development from one to the next.

Answer 6

Stereotype- a generalisation due to schemata from prior experiences. Overlooks individuality.
Prejudice- an attitude/pre-conceived opinion. Often based on a stereotype.
Discrimination- behaving differently towards people because of their group membership.

Question 7

When do we rely on stereotypes? (3)

Answer 7

• when we are fatigued
• when we have info overload
• when we are under time pressure

Question 8

Define cognition.

Answer 8

The mental ability to process thoughts and knowledge.

Question 9

What is the most age-sensitive component of intelligence?

Answer 9

Processing speed.

Question 10

What is the difference between crystallised and fluid intelligence?

Answer 10

Crystallised- familiar situations. Highly learnt skills and knowledge.
Fluid- new challenges and problem solving.

Question 11

Name 4 aspects of ageing. (6)

Answer 11

• the empty nest phenomenon
• grandparenthood
• family moving away
• retirement
• death/bereavement
• increased importance of friendship