health psych

Question 1

what is health psychology

Answer 1

it does not split mind and body
it combines physical and mental health
addresses individual health and population health (education and prevention)

Question 2

what perspective does health psych take

Answer 2

biopsychosocial model

Question 3

what is the biopsychosocial model

Answer 3

it looks at psychological wellbeing and social determinants of health
considers patient self-management, prevention of ill-health, promotion of healthy behaviours

Question 4

what skills might a health psych have

Answer 4

developing interventions to enhance wellbeing
understanding attitudes people have and how this affects the way they manage their health
how psychological and behavioural factors influence physical systems of health

Question 5

what is the difference between a clinical and health psychologist

Answer 5

health psychologists specialise in health behaviour
they apply the biopsychosocial model
they practice in 2 main areas: clinical and health

Question 6

what is health promotion

Answer 6

promoting positive behaviours and reducing harmful ones
may work with other professionals to advise them on attitudes, beliefs and behaviours that contribute to ill-health
work on health campaigns e.g. sun smart, smoking

Question 7

what does clinical health psych involve

Answer 7

supporting people to cope with terminal illness, loss, bereavement
develop and implement behavioural changes
help people cope with diagnosis

Question 8

what are some symptoms of chronic kidney disease

Answer 8

itchiness, pain, fatigue, cognitive decline, shortness of breath

Question 9

what is haemodialysis and where does it occur

Answer 9

more common dialysis recevied
blood is removed from forearm via fistular, cycles through machine whic cleans the blood and returns to body
usually happens in hospital or satellite unit

Question 10

how many times a week does haemodialysis occur

Answer 10

received 3-4 times a week can take 3-5 hours

Question 11

what are the two types of peritoneal dialysis

Answer 11

continuous ambulatory PD

automated PD

Question 12

what does peritoneal dialysis do

Answer 12

uses peritoneal membrane which lines the abdomen
it acts as a filter
catheter is attached under persons clothes while continuining their lives at home

Question 13

what does continuous ambulatory PD do

Answer 13

not as common
performed 3-5x a week within a 24 hr cycle
people receive training how to use at home

Question 14

what does automated PD do

Answer 14

occurs automatically while person sleeps

connected to machine for 8-10 hrs

Question 15

function of prefrontal cortex

Answer 15

planning and reasoning

Question 16

function of amyglada

Answer 16

emotional core for passion, impulse fear and aggression

Question 17

what does parietal lobe do

Answer 17

touch

Question 18

what does ventral striatum do

Answer 18

reward centre,

Question 19

what does hippocampus do

Answer 19

memory and learning

Question 20

what is common to all of these with teenagers

Answer 20

not fully developed, not processed effectively, prone to high-risk behaviour, more impulsive

Question 21

what does primary healthcare prevention do

Answer 21

preventing KD before it occurs across whole generation
promoting diet, exercise, hydration (health initiatives)
bringing awareness and not fear

Question 22

what does secondary healthcare prevention do

Answer 22

prevent development of CKD in high risk groups

blood pressure checks, blood, urine tests

Question 23

what does tertiary healthcare prevention do

Answer 23

prevent/slow progression
managing impact on QOL and mental health
medication, diet, hydration, dialysis routine
peer support, mentoring, health literacy

Question 24

is there any difference for aboriginal or torres strait islander people

Answer 24

aboriginal people 25-64 have 10x higher rates of KD

increases to 30x in rural areas

Question 25

why would aboriginal or torres strait island people be hesitant to access services

Answer 25

unwelcoming hospital setting
lack of transport/accomodation
discriminatory government policies
mistrust in mainstream healthcare
institutionalised racism
inflexible treatment options
cultural safety

Question 26

who are carers

Answer 26

people who provide unpaid support

Question 27

what does a carer do

Answer 27

help and support with any of the daily activities of living of the person being cared for. It may include physical and personal care such as dressing, lifting, showering, toileting, feeding or providing transport.

Question 28

what is compassion fatigue

Answer 28

when the carer shifts from positive and caring to negative and unconcerned
lose empath for person they’re caring for
most likely burned out
important carers have some form of self care

Question 29

sleep and carers

Answer 29

sleep disturbance could be related to a) practical needs of the care
recipient (assistance with toileting, administering medications or other assistance e.g. turning
the care recipient) and/or b) vigilance, rumination and worry related to care recipient, and/or
their care giving duties.

Question 30

consequences of disrupted sleep in carers

Answer 30

2x more likely to have conditions compared to non-carers

decreased quality of life, increased physiological stress and increased depression.

Question 31

why may burnout occur in carers

Answer 31

• physical- no time to do everything for everyone

- emotional exhaustion- providing support

Question 32

what is burnout linked to

Answer 32

depression, mortality

Question 33

what is sandwich generation

Answer 33

middle-aged people caring for ageing adults and younger children

Question 34

define Perpetual parents

Answer 34

have been care providers for their disabled child from the time of their child’s birth.

Question 35

define stigmatised parents

Answer 35

parents whose adult child has become dependent on his/her older parent(s) as a result of the child’s psychiatric or substance abuse problems and very often has never left or has moved back home as an adult

Question 36

health related quality of life

Answer 36

refers to patient-reported outcome measures of how disease and treatment affect a patient’s sense of subjective wellbeing. A patient’s health related quality of life is influenced by their lived
experience of illness across a broad range of dimensions.

Question 37

why is understanding health-related QOL outcomes important in CKD

Answer 37

this measure can be an independent predictor of disease progression as well as cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.

Question 38

how to improve sleep for carers

Answer 38

• build sleep habits e.g. relaxing before bed by reading, having a cup of tea, switching your tech off before going to bed, and avoiding alcohol and caffeine before sleep
• use night shift setting on your phone or computer to make it easier to fall and stay asleep
• go to bed and wake up at the same time every day
• use sleep app like Sleep Cycle, which tracks and analyses your sleep patterns

Question 39

What are 4 types of social support for caters? And examples

Answer 39

Instrumental- (service or aid) someone did the dishes
Emotional- (empathy, love, trust) friends and family provide hope and listen
Informational (advice, suggestions) doctors provide info, mum offers advice about own experience
Appraisal ( info useful for self evaluation) close family and friends remind you of your qualities