Health Promotion Flashcards
Communication involves sending ____.
messages
which is the most important piece
First encoder or transmitter of a message
what does this include
sender
they do this by choosing words, signals, gestures, and body language
What can influence a message from the sender?
knowledge
attitudes
feelings
What can the channel or mode a message is sent be like
written
verbal
nonverbal
formal
informal
Who does the decoding?
The receiver since they have to translate the message
What is the feedback loops of communication?
Where the sender and receiver determine if the message was successful
What are sending skills?
Skills needed to send a message and get it across the right way essentially
Nonverbal sending skills
Way you dress
body language
facial expressions
physical distance
Verbal sending skills
Has more to do with what you speak and write
Is it straight to the point?
Are you being honest?
Did you make sure to be open to feedback?
What are recieving skills?
They are active & reflective listening skills.
Are receiving skills more verbal or nonverbal?
More nonverbal but there’s a verbal component you can add such as asking questions.
sit forward eye contact nodding paraphrasing as a summary avoid day dreaming or formulating responses
What is selective perception?
A type of communication barrier that can make it to where you only pick out good stuff or leave out the bad
OR
maybe you do it flipped
Need to keep in mind out own perception isn’t always how it was meant.
How can language barriers be a barrier to communication?
Language is a barrier because not everyone speaks the same language! Or reads.
Also some words mean different things in different cultures.
Why is filtering information a communication barrier?
If we manipulate a question, it can influence someone’s response. We want the response to be open and honest.
How can emotional influences affect communication?
If someone is experiencing heavy emotions at a certain point, and you try to communicate with them, they can interpret you wrong.
How can the language of nurses be a barrier?
Nursing and medicine has their own language. Everyday people aren’t trained to know what we’re talking about.
As nurses, we need to be on the look out for this happening.
No medical jargon
If multiple professionals are working together, do you think there can be some barriers between them?
Yes!
T/F
All nurses, doctors, and pharmacists have the same lingo
False. We might overlap, but we are in different jobs. Not everything is the same. This can lead to miscommunication.
Important to know how to communicate efficiently.
Should health professional give weight to field stereotypes?
NO, duh. This can create another barrier.
Is a doctor more important than a nurse or pharmacist?
No.
If a doctor witnesses a nurse do something clinically wrong, should he let them know?
Yes. And a nurse should do the same.
Even if it’s embarrassing to be called out by a Doctor or you see it as condescending, chances are it has nothing to do with you or their perception of you.
If a professional is being uneasy or refuses to be flexible with other professionals, is this okay?
No the professional needs to be flexible.
If a doctors goal is to keep a patient NPO and a nurse doesn’t realize this, is this a problem?
YES. Goals need to be the same
Is having no time an excuse to not collaborate with other professionals?
Resources?
Support?
No
No
No
You need to be able to work around these issues.
How do you know if someone has health literacy?
If some is capable of understanding and processing information to make informed decisions about their health.
Healthy literacy requires communication skills. What are factors that commonly influence this?
Previous experience
Culture
Relationships
What population has had bad previous experiences with healthcare?
African Americans
- need education on covid
Example of culture differences
Chinese prefer drinking hot water as opposed to cold
Example of relationships that can affect health literacy and communication
African americans having bad relationships with health-workers is another example
National Action Plan to improve health literacy stats
9/10 people don’t know how to use the info we give them
Should clients be involved in collaboration to better public health?
What should the collaboration be based on?
Yes. Include nurse, aid, doc, client, etc
Base collab on values, participation, and effort
Two basic features of a collaboration in public health
A common goal for public health
Involvement of several parties in order to achieve the goal
Five Signs your are in a collaboration
1) Shared goal
2) Everyone participates
3) Maximize resources & find those that you still need
4) Responsibilities for everyone
5) Boundaries
Four Healthy People 2020 goals
1) Want higher quality life but still living longer
2) Get everyone the healthcare they need
3) Community support for health
4) Promote healthy behavior to prevent health issues
Can teaching people to change be a good way to improve people’s health?
Yes, that’s actually one of the most important ways.
If someone fails before their successful, does that mean what they were doing just wasn’t working?
No not necessarily. That failure worked out in their favor to help them reach their goals
Will change happen over night?
No. Sometimes its a lifestyle change
Can people change without enrolling in a program?
Yes, most people change without them
If something works for your friend, will it work for you
No guarantee
What exactly or specifically has to happen before someone can consciously decide to change
An imbalance or upset in equilibrium that requires adjustments
What does it mean to adopt innovations?
Means to make adjustments
Disruptive
As in a disruption in your old, bad habits by you discontinuing them & instead replacing them with good habits
Evolutionary change
very gradual
takes times
Revolutionary change
a rapid change
could be threatening
could cause an imbalance
Who came up with the stages for change
Kurt Lewin
Unfreezing stage
When a desire for change begins
Changing/moving stage
New ideas are tried out
Refreezing stage
When the change is then integrated and frozen back into your lifestyle
What is a planned changed
Change done on purpose by design
Often goal is to improve something or might have an influencing agent (like us, the nurses)
How do we go about planned changes in public?
Recognize Symptoms that need changing and diagnose a need
Alternative solutions are introduced and then a change is selected
The change is planned & then implemented
Change is evaluated and then we stabilize the change
Empiric rational
People are rational & will adopt new practices that are in their best interest
Normative reeducative
With new information, direct and influence people’s attitudes and behaviors through persuasion
Power coercive
Fear to coerce someone
- sound bad but sometimes the fear is a good one.
Not reusing needles or you’ll get hiv .. etc
Why is participation needed for change
If one doesn’t participate or those around them dont either, how are they supposed to reach the goal
Is resistance to change common
Yes, but that is bc people don’t like change
Why is proper timing important to public health
If you introduce change at the wrong time, it won’t stabilize
Interdependence is important why?
Every system has subsystems that support each other
Flexibility
It keeps the change going. Even if something is a planned change there may be obstacles
Self understanding
Understand your values
Understand the role you need to play
Those around you & their roles
Your client’s values
What are social determinants and how do they affect health
Social determinants include social, economic, and physical factors. These guys can influence whether or not someone can get access to good healthcare and quality of life
- housing
- safe workplace
- equity in social setting
- clean water, food, air
- education
Health Belief Model
It answers whether someone would be willing to act upon and invest in their own health.
perceived susceptibility perceived seriousness perceived benefits barriers self efficacy cues to action
Pender’s Health Promotion model
Individual characteristics and experiences of a person
Behavior specific cognitions
Behavior outcomes
Precede model
Predisposing Reinforcing Enabling Constructs Education Diagnosis Evaluation
Proceed model
Policy Regulatory Organizational Constructs Educational Environmental Development
How to identify a problem in the community
Explore issues out there & check to see the extent of the problem. Find out if the target population has any thoughts on the issue - ask informal and formal leaders though.
Present the problem that needs to be fixed
Narrow the focus
Check to see if there are factors influencing behaviors
Nursing administration responsible for formal quality management and their job
Could be a nurse manager or someone else
Review the structure of personnel and environment
Focus on standards of care and methods of delivery
Check the outcomes
Nurses role with public health
Client focus
Do we have sufficient resources?
Budgeting
Private agencies and profit
Nursing should also follow the ….
standards of care
T/F
Staff shouldn’t be required to be updated on practices
false.
They need to be updated
If an agency has minimal staff turnover, what does that mean
The staff love to work there
How involved should nurse staff be in research
Very involved. Should be on peer review committee or assurance committee
Should nurse staff always get client opinion when doing public health
yes
