Health issues in sub-Saharan Africa & Link between health and water security Flashcards

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1
Q

True/False:

Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest infant mortality rates in the world

A

true

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2
Q

True/False:

During the period of the MDG’s (Millennium Development Goals) not much progress on improving health was made

A

false

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3
Q

What country did we study that is facing the impact of malaria?

A

Malawi

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4
Q

What are the causes of Malaria in Malawi?

A

The shores of Lake Malawi are perfect breeding conditions for mosquitoes due to the warm,
- Stagnant water

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5
Q

Why are people more vulnerable to Malaria in rural areas?

A

Houses are constructed of mud bricks and thatched roofs which offer little protection from mosquitoes.

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6
Q

True/False:

Mosquitoes are becoming resistant to insecticides

A

true

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7
Q

What people are at a high risk of getting Malaria?

A
  • Children,
  • Pregnant women,
  • Those that have HIV as their immune system is weaker.
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8
Q

What strategies have been put in place to combat Malaria?

A
  • Insecticide treated bed nets,
  • Indoor residual spraying,
  • Anti-malarial drugs (However these are not accessible to everyone.)
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9
Q

What country did we study that has one of the worlds highest numbers of people infected with HIV?

A

Malawi

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10
Q

True/False:

More people have HIV in urban areas than in rural areas

A

true

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11
Q

What are the social and economic impacts/consequences of HIV?

A
  • Low life expectancy in the 50’s,
  • Many families are in poverty due to adults being too ill to work,
  • The country’s development is limited due to a reduction in taxes being paid as a result of fewer people working,
  • Children of adults with HIV often drop out of school to care for parents.
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12
Q

What strategies has the government put in place to combat HIV/AIDS?

A
  • HIV testing and counselling,
  • Investment in preventing mother-to-child transmissions by giving medication whilst pregnant,
  • Increase availability of free condoms,
  • Increase the amount of people treated with anti-retroviral treatment (ART) which helps to prevent HIV developing to AIDS.
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13
Q

When did the Ebola outbreak occur?

A

March 2014

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14
Q

Where did the Ebola outbreak occur?

A

West Africa - Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia

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15
Q

Why were the people of West Africa more vulnerable to Ebola?

A

Because they are poor and so they have less well fed, have poor living conditions and cannot afford treatment.

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16
Q

What NGO helped the people of Liberia by offering financial support, repaired toilets and water points and trained teachers to educate people about good hygiene?

A

Oxfam

17
Q

Why is clean, safe water essential to social and economic development?

A
  • To maintain water supplies for people to drink,
  • provide hygiene,
  • grow food,
  • supply industrial processes.
18
Q

What area in sub-Saharan Africa suffers from water insecurity?

A

Nigeria, Sahel Region of Africa

19
Q

Give 4 reasons why the Sahel Region of Africa suffers with water insecurity

A
  • Hot semi-arid climate with long dry season,
  • Rainy season is unreliable,
  • The government has failed to provide enough piped water supply or sanitation to cities such as Kano,
  • Poverty and drought has brought political instability.
20
Q

Why does the city of Kano in Nigeria have a high amount of people at risk of polio?

A
  • Poor sanitation- It has no sewage system,
  • High density shanty towns,
  • 2003-2004 vaccinations were stopped by local Muslim leaders,
  • Extremists opened fire on 2 polio clinics killing 9 health workers.
21
Q

What has the state government and UNICEF done to try and get rid of polio?

A

Educate people about the benefits of polio vaccine