Health Belief Model Flashcards
How did the HBM originate?
1950s by USPHS to explain widespread failure of people to PPT in programs to prevent and detect disease.
What is the rough concept of the HBM?
Pulled by positive forces and repelled by negative forces.
No physical environment but the world of the perceiver determines what one will do.
Draw HBM.
Modifying factors lead to individual BH lead to action (also cues to action).
What are modifying factors?
6 things:
Gender Ethnicity Personality Socioeconomics Age Knowledge
What are individual beliefs?
5:
Perceived susceptibility Perceived seriousness Perceived threat Perceived benefit Perceived barriers Perceived self-efficacy
Define perceived susceptibility.
Subjective perception of risk of contracting a disease or illness.
Belief about likelihood of contracing a disease or condition.
Define perceived seriousness/severity.
Belief of the seriouness of contracting a disease or illness or leaving it untreated.
Define perceived threat.
Perceived susceptibility + perceived seriousness.
Both components are dependent on the knowledge of the disease and provide energey or force to act.
Define perceived benefits.
Beliefs about the positive features or outcomes of taking a recommended action to reduce a perceived threat.
Beliefs about the positive outcomes associated with a health BH in response to a real of perceived threat.
Define perceived barriers.
Beliefs about the obstacles to performing a recommended health action including negative consequences resulting from the action.
Single most powerful construct.
Both tangible and intangible.
Define cues to action.
Stimulus needed to trigger the decision-making process to accept a recommended health action.
Internal and external cues.
Define perceived self-efficacy.
Refers to levels of a person’s confidence in his or her ability to successfully perform a BH.
What are some limitations of the HBM?
Does not describe how all these constructs interact with one another.
Does not take into account attitudes or beliefs.
Habitual BH not taken into account.
Does not take into account BH for non-health reasons.
Assumes everyone has equal amount of information.
Define HBM.
HBM assumes people will engage in a HB or take a recommended action when they believe that doing so can reduce threat that is both likely and has severe consequences.
When are people likely to engage in a HB under HBM?
5 conditions:
Susceptible to a condition
Condition could have potentially serious consequences
Course of action could be of benefit in reducing either susceptibility or the severity of the condition
Benefits to taking action present
Barriers are outweighted by benefits and not strong enough to prevent action
