Health and Disease

Question 1

What is a communicable disease?

Answer 1

Diseases which can be passed on

Question 2

What is a non communicable disease?

Answer 2

A disease that can’t be spread.

Question 3

What’s a pathogen?

Answer 3

A microorganism which causes communicable diseases

Question 4

What is MRS NERG

Answer 4

Movement
Reproduction
Sensitive

Nutrition
Excrete
Respiration
Growth

Question 5

Key features of a virus

Answer 5

Can only reproduce inside living cell

Not living

Question 6

Key features of bacteria

Answer 6

Double every 30 minutes

Question 7

What is the lytic cycle?

Answer 7

• A virus attaches to a cell and injects genetic material
• The genetic material forms a circle
• New viral genetic material are produced
• The cell lyses (breaks open) releasing viruses

Question 8

What is the lysogenic cycle?

Answer 8

• Virus attaches to cell and injects genetic material
• Genetic material forms a circle
• The circle inserts itself into the bacterial chromosome
• The bacterium reproduces and replicates
• Occasionally the viral genetic material separates from the bacterial chromosome and starts a lytic cycle

Question 9

What are two problems of identifying causes for crop damage?

Answer 9

Different plants may show different symptoms to the same stress

Different stress may produce similar symptoms

Question 10

How do plants protect themselves?

Answer 10

They have a waxy layer called the cuticle and bark which prevents pests/pathogens from getting to the plant
And if that doesn’t work they have tough cell walls

Question 11

What are some body defences?

Answer 11

Earwax
Mucus
Hairs
Tears containing lycosine
White blood cells

Question 12

What do lysozymes do?

Answer 12

Kill bacteria by breaking down their cell walls

Found in tears and mucus

Question 13

How does the immune system work?

Answer 13

Cells and pathogens are covered in antigens. If a white blood cell detects a foreign antigen lymphocytes will create a matching antiBODY and bind to the antigen, killing it or marking it for destruction.

Question 14

How do you calculate BMI?

Answer 14

Mass
________

Height^2

Question 15

Ebola- communicable or not?

Answer 15

Communicable

Question 16

What does a cardiovascular disease cause?

Answer 16

Blood vessels supplying the heart with oxygen and nutrients get blocked which can result in a heart attack.

Question 17

What does smoking do?

Answer 17

Reduces blood flow to the heart during excercise. It means the heart can’t pump hard enough to deliver blood to the muscles.

Question 18

What’s an autoclave?

Answer 18

A machine that heats agar to sterilise it.

Question 19

What can alcohol cause?

Answer 19

A liver disease (cirrhosis)

Question 20

What does HIV do?

Answer 20

Attacks white blood cells and causes AIDS.

Question 21

What is immunisation?

Answer 21

Dead or weakened pathogens are given to a child. The antigens cause lymphocytes to create matching antibodies. Memory lymphocytes then stay in the blood stream.