April Test

Question 1

What happens inside the cytoplasm?

Answer 1

Chemical reactions

Question 2

What are the mitochondria for?

Answer 2

Releasing energy

Question 3

What is the nucleus for?

Answer 3

• Controlling the cell

- Contains the instructions to make a new cell

Question 4

What is the cell membrane for?

Answer 4

Controlling what enters and exits the cell

Question 5

Why is a sperm cell specialised?

Answer 5

• Long tail

- Many mitochondria to release energy for movement

Question 6

Why are nerve cells (neurones) specialised?

Answer 6

-they’re long and thin and form connections with other cells

Question 7

What do ribosomes do?

Answer 7

Make proteins

Question 8

What do chloroplasts do?

Answer 8

Convert light energy into glucose

Question 9

What is glucose?

Answer 9

Sugars

Question 10

What does the vacuole do?

Answer 10

Stores food + nutrients

Question 11

What is interphase?

Answer 11

The cell prepares to divide by copying DNA and making cell parts

Question 12

What is mitosis?

Answer 12

Where chromosomes separate and the cell divides into two

Question 13

What’s the best way to remember the mitosis cycle?

Answer 13

Please Make Another Two Cells

Prophase
Metaphase 
Anaphase 
Telophase
Cytokinesis

Question 14

What happens in prophase?

Answer 14

DNA condenses

Question 15

What happens in metaphase?

Answer 15

Chromosomes line up in the middle and spindle fibres start filling the cell

Question 16

What happens in anaphase?

Answer 16

Chromosomes are pulled apart by spindle fibres

Question 17

What happens in telophase?

Answer 17

Two nuclei form

Question 18

What happens in cytokinesis?

Answer 18

Cytoplasm divides in two

Question 19

What are gametes?

Answer 19

Sex cells

Question 20

What’s the magnification formula?

Answer 20

Image ➗ Actual

AIM

Question 21

Is a body cell a haploid or diploid?

Answer 21

Diploid

Question 22

Is a sex cell a haploid or diploid?

Answer 22

Haploid

Question 23

Traits of asexual reproduction?

Answer 23

One parent, little offspring, offspring clones of parent

Question 24

Traits of sexual reproduction?

Answer 24

Two parents
Sex cells
Variation in offspring

Question 25

What are the 4 bases in DNA?

Answer 25

Adenine Cytosine Guanine Thymine

Question 26

What are the uprights of the DNA ladder made of?

Answer 26

Sugar and phosphate

Question 27

What are the bases connected by in DNA?

Answer 27

Hydrogen bonds

Question 28

What is the twisted DNA structure called?

Answer 28

Double helix

Question 29

How are mutations formed?

Answer 29

When DNA is copied wrong

Question 30

In DNA extraction why is the onion placed in washing up solution?

Answer 30

To break down cell membranes and release DNA

Question 31

Why is onion placed in a water bath?

Answer 31

Speed up membrane breakdown and destroy enzymes

Question 32

What did Mendel do?

Answer 32

Recorded what happened when peas cross bred and found dominant genes

Question 33

What do bacteria cells not have?

Answer 33

Nucleus

Question 34

How does the bacteria move?

Answer 34

Flagellum

Question 35

What is the function of a ciliates epithelial cell?

Answer 35

Moving substances (mucus for example)

Question 36

What type of cells are animal and plant cells?

Answer 36

Eukaryotic

Question 37

What type of cell is bacteria?

Answer 37

Prokaryotic

Question 38

What does a nucleus contain?

Answer 38

Genetic material (chromosomes)

Question 39

What is the cell wall made of?

Answer 39

Cellulose

Question 40

What is cell sap?

Answer 40

Sugars and salts

Question 41

What do chloroplasts do?

Answer 41

Make food for the plant

Question 42

How is the egg adapted for its use?

Answer 42

It has a haploid nucleus It contains nutrients to feed the embryo

Question 43

How is the sperm cell adapted for its use?

Answer 43

Long tail Haploid nucleus

Question 44

Put these in order.. Nanometre Millimetre Picometer Micrometer

Answer 44

Millimetre Micrometer Nanometer Picometre

Question 45

What does a catalyst do?

Answer 45

Speeds up reactions without changing its form

Question 46

What is an enzyme?

Answer 46

A catalyst produced by living things

Question 47

Ways to speed up a reaction?

Answer 47

Catalyst Temperature Mix

Question 48

What is the lock and key theory?

Answer 48

When an enzyme won't work unless a substrate fits into it perfectly

Question 49

Formula for calculating the rate of a reaction?

Answer 49

1000 ______ Time

Question 50

Which enzyme breaks down starch, and what into?

Answer 50

Amylase | Into sugars

Question 51

Which enzyme breaks down proteins, and what into?

Answer 51

Protease | Into amino acids

Question 52

Which enzyme breaks down lipid? And what into?

Answer 52

Lipase | Into fatty acids

Question 53

How do you test for reducing sugars?

Answer 53

Add Benedicts reagent to a sample and heat it. | The more reducing sugar, the more the colour will change.