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9th Grade > Health 9 > Flashcards

Health 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Tobacco

A

plant used to produce cigarettes and other products that contain nicotine

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2
Q

Nicotine

A

addictive and toxic substance in tobacco products

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3
Q

6 methods of using tobacco

A

1-cigarettes
2-cigars
3-pipes
4-electronic cigarettes
5-Hookah
6-smokeless tobacco

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4
Q

How nicotine effects cardiovascular system

A

-Nicotine enters the bloodstream
-Adrenaline releases
-heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing increase
-Heart has to work harder

-Nicotine constricts blood vessels
-causes cholesterol to easily build up in arteries

-Increased risk of stroke and heart attack

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5
Q

How carbon monoxide effects cardiovascular system

A

When inhaled is negatively effects cells ability to carry oxygen

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6
Q

carbon monoxide

A

poisonous gas found in cigarette smoke

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7
Q

How smoking impacts respiratory system

A

tar builds up in the lungs causing the cilia to struggle to clear foreign particles

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8
Q

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and examples

A

group of diseases that cause difficulty to breath
-Chronic bronchitis
-Emphysema
-Asthma

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9
Q

Chronic bronchitis

A

-smoking causes mucous membrane in the lung’s bronchial passages to become inflamed which narrows the pathway to lungs
-hard to breath

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10
Q

Emphysema

A

-disease that permanently enlarges lung airways and destroys lung tissues (where oxygen and carbon dioxide are traded during breathing)
-hard to breath

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11
Q

Asthma

A

-chronic disease caused by blockages of
airflow to and from the lungs
-smoking triggers asthma attacks bc it irritates airway lining

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12
Q

carcinogens

A

-cancer causing agents that lead to abnormal cell growth
-tobacco contains 70

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13
Q

appearance

A

-wrinkles
-stained teeth
-brittle nails
-bad breath
-thin hair
-smell like smoke

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14
Q

Smokeless tobacco examples

A

chewing tobacco, snuff, and dissolvable tobacco

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15
Q

Smoking effects (random)

A

-Hard to engage in physical activity
-Weaker immune system
-tumors grow

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16
Q

Hazards of smokeless tobacco

A

1.) leukoplakia-thick, white, leathery spots in the mouth that can turn into cancer
2.) smokeless tobacco is often placed directly into mouth so users absorb more nicotine

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17
Q

People who are exposed to second hand smoke

A

have a greater risk of heart disease or lung cancer

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18
Q

Pregnant woman and smoking

A

1.) carbon monoxide and nicotine reach the fetus causing increased heart rate and lack of oxygen
2.) increased risk of
-miscarriages
-premature births
-low birth weight
-SIDS (sudden baby death)

19
Q

Children exposed to second hand smoke

A

-respiratory problems ex. asthma attacks
-sore throats
-ear infections
-develop smoking habits themselves

20
Q

Smoking while pregnant and children

A

Smoking while pregnant in linked to children being born with behavior related issues like ADHD, hyperactivity, aggression

21
Q

Smokers who develop COPD have a combination of what two diseases

A

chronic bronchitis and emphysema

22
Q

substance abuse

A

use of a drug or intentional misuse of medication

23
Q

addiction

A

physical and phycological need for a substance or behavior

24
Q

stages of substance abuse

A

1-experimentation
2-regular use
3-tolerance
4-dependence and addiction

25
Q

withdrawal

A

unpleasant physical or phycological symptoms that occur with attempting to stop using a substance

26
Q

withdrawal symptoms

A

1-irritability
2-difficulty concentrating
3-fatigue
4-nausea
5-weight gain
6-intense cravings

27
Q

How is teens exploring a new identity lead to addiction

A

-want to feel mature or sophisticated
-want to feel rebellious or tough

28
Q

Social factors

A

-Parents
-friends
-media

29
Q

parents factor

A

if against smoking, set expectations, and not open-minded to smoking then teens more likely not to smoke

30
Q

friends factor

A

if your friends smoke you’re more likely to smoke because you’re around it often and offered it more

31
Q

media factor

A

celebs are role models so if they smoke teens might imitate that to be like them

32
Q

experimentation

A

-“just trying it”

33
Q

regular use

A

-gradually increase substance use and then develop a regular pattern of using it

34
Q

tolerance

A

-body needs more of the substance in order to experience its effects

35
Q

dependence and addiction

A

physical dependence-body relies on a certain amount of substance to function “normally”
psychological dependence-people believe that they need the substance to feel “normal”

36
Q

How to break addiction

A

-Nicotine replacement
-Medications
-Self management

37
Q

Nicotine replacement-

A

gradually lessen nicotine usage by using gum or patches which lessens withdrawal symptoms

38
Q

Medications for breaking addiction

A

medications that stimulate dopamine to make people experience same kind of effects of nicotine

39
Q

Self management strategies

A

Identify situations where you will be tempted and
-Stimulus control: avoiding situations that could lead to drug use
-Response substitution: train themselves to respond to stress with healthy coping methods

40
Q

Extra ways to stop addiction

A

-counseling
-telephone helplines
-talk to trusted adults
-online resources

41
Q

Government prevention strategies and why they work

A
  1. Banning of Sale of tobacco products (18+ and none in vending machines)
  2. Banning smoking in public places (hard to find a place to smoke and less triggers)
  3. Increase cigarette tax (people can’t afford both cigarettes and other needs)
  4. Warning labels (people might second guess buying)
42
Q

How does mass media and anti smoking campaigns help prevention

A

they often emphasize
-long term health effects
-damage to appearance
-refusal skills
-most teens don’t smoke

43
Q

Refusal skills

A

-don’t be around smokers
-let people know you don’t associate with smoking
-explain why (health damages)
-refuse to give in
-analyze tobacco ads bc they change products to make themselves appeal to teens

44
Q

Prevention

A
  1. Government strategies
  2. Mass Media anti-smoking campaigns

9th Grade (19 decks)

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