HEALTH 1900s CORE Flashcards
What did Flemming do
Fleming went on holiday and left a number of petri dishes containing Staphylococcus out in hhis Labaratory. When he returned he discover mould had grown next to the bacteria in the petri dishes and killed it
How did Florey and Chain develop Flemmings findings
In the 1930s they produced enough pencillin mould to inject it into animals to cure their infections. They then developed their research to produced enough penicillin (in their bathtub at home) to use on a human. They treated the infection a policeman for 8 days however they ran out and he died
What problem did Florey and Chain have when developing the use of penicillin
They needed to find a way to porudce it on an indurstrial scale
How did Florey and Chain manage to eventually produce industrial scales worth of penicillin
They met with the US government who agreed to pay several huge chemical companies to make millions of gallons of penicillin. By the end of WW2 in 1945, the governments of Britian and USA were working closely together and 250,000 soldiers were being treated.
What companies started using their prodcution methods to make penicillin for public use as soon as the war ended
Pfizer, Glaxo Smithkline and Astra Zeneca (they are still mahjor global phharmaceutical manufacturers worthh between $200/$300bn)
Which important drug was discoverd in 1956
Mitomycin which is used for chemotherapy drug for treating several different types of cancer
What did Karl Landsteiner discover in 1900
He discoverd different blood groups, which helped doctord work out that transfusion only worked if the donors blood type matched the receivers
What did Albert Hustin discover in 1914
He discoverd that sodium citrate stoipped blood from clotting, meaning transfusions could be carried out in the First World War field hospitals
How did Hustins discovery develop in the Second World War
In 1938 the British National Blood Tranfusion Service opend, this led to large blood banks developing in Britian during the fighting
What did Harold Gillies exeperiment with
He noticed that men were suffering from shrapnel wounds that had damaged their face and started experimenting with gratfing skin from one part of the body onto the face, by the end of the war, Gillies was treating 5,000 soldiers in his hospital in Kent and became known as the “Father of Plastic Surgery”
How was Harold Gillies work continued into WW2
It was continued by a member of his team, Archibald McIndoe, who used the new antibiotic penicillin to heal facial wounds of fighter pilots who had been badly burned
What did Dwight Harken pioneer
New forms of heart surgery by operating on soldiers who had bullet shrapnel lodged in their chest, even peoples health improved as they improved their diet
Who developed Harkens work in 1967
Christian Barnard developed his work to perform the first ever heart transplant
