health Flashcards
(phrase) refusing to accept or believe something, often in the face of evidence
“After the breakup, he was still … about the relationship ending.”
in denial
“After the breakup, he was still in denial about the relationship ending.”
(noun) a person who is able to maintain a relatively normal life while being addicted to alcohol
“Despite his drinking, he is considered a … because he holds down a job and manages family responsibilities.”
high functioning alcoholic
“Despite his drinking, he is considered a high functioning alcoholic because he holds down a job and manages family responsibilities.”
(verb phrase) to decline in quality, condition, or performance
“After the new management took over, the restaurant started to ….”
go downhill
“After the new management took over, the restaurant started to go downhill.”
(noun) the excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages, leading to negative health and social consequences.
“His … resulted in serious health problems and strained relationships.”
alcohol abuse
“His alcohol abuse resulted in serious health problems and strained relationships.”
(adjective) irregular or unpredictable in nature; not consistent
“His … health made it difficult for him to maintain a regular work schedule.”
erratic health
“His erratic health made it difficult for him to maintain a regular work schedule.”
(noun) physical or psychological effects experienced when a person stops using a substance they are dependent on.
“After quitting smoking, he experienced severe … like irritability and cravings.”
withdrawal symptoms
“After quitting smoking, he experienced severe withdrawal symptoms like irritability and cravings.”
(noun) a reduction in the mental or emotional barriers that prevent someone from acting freely or expressing themselves.
“After a few drinks, she felt … and began to dance.”
lowered inhibitions
“After a few drinks, she felt lowered inhibitions and began to dance.”
(noun) a decrease in the ability to make sound decisions or evaluate situations accurately
“His … after the accident led to poor choices.”
impaired judgement
“His impaired judgement after the accident led to poor choices.”
(noun) a feeling of sickness with an inclination to vomit
“After the roller coaster ride, she experienced severe ….”
nausea
“After the roller coaster ride, she experienced severe nausea.”
(noun) a speech pattern where words are pronounced unclearly or indistinctly, often due to intoxication or a medical condition
“After drinking too much, he was exhibiting … at the party.”
slurred speech
“After drinking too much, he was exhibiting slurred speech at the party.”
(noun) the condition of needing to urinate more often than usual
“Frequent urination can be a sign of diabetes.”
frequent urination
“Frequent urination can be a sign of diabetes.”
(noun) rapid and extreme changes in emotional state
“Her … made it difficult for her friends to keep up with her feelings.”
mood swings
“Her mood swings made it difficult for her friends to keep up with her feelings.”
(noun) the consumption of an excessive amount of alcohol in a short period of time
“After a night of …, he woke up with a severe headache.”
binge drinking
“After a night of binge drinking, he woke up with a severe headache.”
(noun) the fluid circulation within the body that carries blood, nutrients, and oxygen to tissues and removes waste products.
“The medication quickly entered her … after injection.”
bloodstream
“The medication quickly entered her bloodstream after injection.”
(noun) a feeling that makes one self-conscious and unable to act in a relaxed and natural way
“She spoke without any … at the meeting.”
inhibition
“She spoke without any inhibition at the meeting.”
(noun) the activity of visiting several pubs in one evening, often to enjoy drinks and socialize.
“We went pub crawling downtown last Saturday night.”
pub crawling
“We went pub crawling downtown last Saturday night.”
(noun) a feeling or belief that someone is guilty of doing something wrong or dishonest
“She had a … that he was lying to her.”
suspicion
“She had a suspicion that he was lying to her.”
(noun) a person who abstains completely from alcoholic drinks
“As a committed …, she never attends parties where alcohol is served.”
teetotallers
“As a committed teetotaller, she never attends parties where alcohol is served.”
(noun) the act of making something narrower or tighter
“The … of the blood vessels can lead to high blood pressure.”
constriction
“The constriction of the blood vessels can lead to high blood pressure.”
(noun) tiny hair-like structures on the surface of cells that help in movement or the transport of substances.
“The … in the respiratory tract help to move mucus out of the lungs.”
cilia lungs
“The cilia in the respiratory tract help to move mucus out of the lungs.”
(noun) the action of making something wider, larger, or more open
“The doctor explained that the … of the blood vessels helps regulate blood flow.”
dilatation
“The doctor explained that the dilatation of the blood vessels helps regulate blood flow.”
(noun) a colorless, odorless gas that is produced by burning carbon-containing fuels, which can be toxic when inhaled.
“The car’s exhaust emitted …, which is dangerous in enclosed spaces.”
carbon monoxide
“The car’s exhaust emitted carbon monoxide, which is dangerous in enclosed spaces.”
(noun) the state of lacking or being denied something that is needed or desired
“The children experienced severe … of food during the famine.”
deprivation
“The children experienced severe deprivation of food during the famine.”
(noun) the act of blocking or impeding something
“The fallen tree caused an … on the road.”
obstruction
“The fallen tree caused an obstruction on the road.”
(noun) a hard, glossy coating that covers the outer layer of teeth.
“The dentist explained how to protect the tooth … from decay.”
enamel
“The dentist explained how to protect the tooth enamel from decay.”
(noun) a chemical substance that transmits signals across a synapse from one neuron to another.
“Dopamine is a well-known … that plays a role in mood regulation.”
neurotransmitter
“Dopamine is a well-known neurotransmitter that plays a role in mood regulation.”
(adjective) relating to the endothelium, which is a thin layer of cells lining the blood vessels and organs.
“The … cells play a crucial role in regulating blood flow.”
endothelial
“The endothelial cells play a crucial role in regulating blood flow.”
(noun) a chronic lung condition characterized by the destruction of the air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs, leading to breathing difficulties.
“His emphysema made it hard for him to walk up the stairs without getting out of breath.”
emphysema
“His emphysema made it hard for him to walk up the stairs without getting out of breath.”
(noun) inflammation of the bronchial tubes, often causing cough and difficulty breathing
“After catching a cold, he developed … that lasted for weeks.”
bronchitis
“After catching a cold, he developed bronchitis that lasted for weeks.”
(noun) small air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs.
“The … expand when we inhale, allowing oxygen to enter the bloodstream.”
alveoli
“The alveoli expand when we inhale, allowing oxygen to enter the bloodstream.”
(adjective) relating to blood vessels or the vascular system in the body
“The doctor specialized in … surgery.”
vascular
“The doctor specialized in vascular surgery.”
(noun) a thin layer of cells that line the blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and the heart.
“The ….plays a crucial role in regulating blood flow.”
endothelium
“The endothelium plays a crucial role in regulating blood flow.”
(noun) a small, disc-shaped cell fragment in the blood that helps with clotting.
“When you get a cut, … gather at the site to form a clot.”
blood platelet
“When you get a cut, blood platelets gather at the site to form a clot.”
(noun) a thick mass of coagulated liquid, especially blood.
“The doctor examined the blood … to determine its cause.”
clot
“The doctor examined the blood clot to determine its cause.”
(noun) chemical substances used to kill insects.
“Farmers often use … to protect their crops from pests.”
insecticides
“Farmers often use insecticides to protect their crops from pests.”
(noun) substances used for destroying insects or other organisms harmful to cultivated plants or to animals.
“Farmers often use … to protect their crops from pests.”
pesticides
“Farmers often use pesticides to protect their crops from pests.”
(noun) a thick, black, sticky substance that is a byproduct of the distillation of organic materials, especially coal or petroleum.
“The road was covered in … after the construction work.”
tar
“The road was covered in tar after the construction work.”
(noun) the gases emitted from a vehicle’s engine through the exhaust system.
“The … released harmful pollutants into the air.”
car exhaust flumes
“The car exhaust flumes released harmful pollutants into the air.”
(noun) a colorless, strong-smelling gas used in the production of resins and as a preservative.
“… is often used in embalming fluids to preserve bodies.”
formaldehyde
“Formaldehyde is often used in embalming fluids to preserve bodies.”
(verb) to keep something in its original state or in good condition.
“They are … the historic building for future generations.”
preserving
“They are preserving the historic building for future generations.”
(noun) a colorless gas with a characteristic pungent smell, composed of nitrogen and hydrogen (NH3), commonly used in cleaning products and fertilizers.
“…is often used as a household cleaner due to its effectiveness in removing stains.”
ammonia
“Ammonia is often used as a household cleaner due to its effectiveness in removing stains.”
(noun) a toxic chemical element with the symbol As and atomic number 33, often used in pesticides and as a poison.
“The detective discovered traces of … in the victim’s food.”
arsenic
“The detective discovered traces of arsenic in the victim’s food.”
(noun) a colorless, flammable liquid hydrocarbon with a sweet odor, used as a solvent and in the manufacture of chemicals.
“… is commonly used in the production of plastics and synthetic fibers.”
benzene
“Benzene is commonly used in the production of plastics and synthetic fibers.”
(noun) a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow, characterized by an overproduction of abnormal white blood cells.
“The doctor diagnosed him with … after a series of blood tests.”
leukaemia
“The doctor diagnosed him with leukaemia after a series of blood tests.”
(noun) a chemical element (symbol Cd) that is a soft, bluish-white metal used in batteries and pigments.
“..is often used in rechargeable batteries.”
cadmium
“Cadmium is often used in rechargeable batteries.”
(noun) small balls made of a chemical substance used to repel moths and other insects from clothing and fabrics.
“She placed … in her winter clothes storage to keep them safe from moth damage.”
mothballs
“She placed mothballs in her winter clothes storage to keep them safe from moth damage.”
(noun) a white crystalline compound with a strong odor, derived from coal tar or petroleum, used in mothballs and as a precursor to other chemicals.
“The mothballs were made of …, which helped to keep the clothes safe from insects.”
naphthalene
“The mothballs were made of naphthalene, which helped to keep the clothes safe from insects.”
(noun) a colorless, flammable liquid alcohol used as a solvent, fuel, and antifreeze.
“…is often used in the production of formaldehyde.”
methanol
“Methanol is often used in the production of formaldehyde.”
(noun) a chemical solution used to preserve a body after death.
“The mortician used … to prepare the deceased for the funeral.”
embalming fluid
“The mortician used embalming fluid to prepare the deceased for the funeral.”
(noun) a condition in which a person feels a compulsion to use a substance or engage in a behavior due to emotional or mental reliance rather than physical withdrawal symptoms.
“Her … on caffeine made it difficult for her to start her day without coffee.”
psychological dependence
“Her psychological dependence on caffeine made it difficult for her to start her day without coffee.”
(noun) the genetic transmission of characteristics from parents to their offspring
“Heredity plays a significant role in determining physical traits like eye color.”
heredity
“Heredity plays a significant role in determining physical traits like eye color.”
(noun) a means of escape or a solution to a problem
“Finding a … of this situation is crucial.”
the way-out
“Finding a way-out of this situation is crucial.”
(verb) to prevent or hinder an action or process
“The medication is … the growth of bacteria.”
inhibiting
“The medication is inhibiting the growth of bacteria.”
(verb) the act of breathing in air or other substances into the lungs
“He was … deeply before he began to speak.”
inhaling
“He was inhaling deeply before he began to speak.”
(noun) the arrangement, type, and ratio of elements in a substance.
“The … of water is H2O, consisting of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.”
chemical composition
“The chemical composition of water is H2O, consisting of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.”
(verb) to adjust or alter the intensity, tone, or pitch of something
“The singer learned to … her voice for different musical styles.”
to modulate
“The singer learned to modulate her voice for different musical styles.”
(noun) a state of being awake and alert, often associated with heightened awareness or excitement.
“The loud music created a sense of … in the crowd.”
arousal
“The loud music created a sense of arousal in the crowd.”
(noun) the state of being watchful and ready to respond to potential danger or challenges
“His … during the meeting helped him notice important details.”
alertness
“His alertness during the meeting helped him notice important details.”
(noun) enlarged openings in the center of the eyes, which can occur in response to low light or certain emotions.
“His … indicated that he was either excited or under the influence of a stimulant.”
dilated pupils
“His dilated pupils indicated that he was either excited or under the influence of a stimulant.”
(noun) Substances that increase physiological or psychological activity in the body.
“Caffeine is a common … found in coffee.”
stimulants
“Caffeine is a common stimulant found in coffee.”
(noun) a class of drugs that include both illegal drugs and prescription medications, which are used primarily for pain relief.
“Doctors often prescribe … for patients recovering from surgery.”
opioids
“Doctors often prescribe opioids for patients recovering from surgery.”
(noun) substances that cause hallucinations, altering perception, mood, and cognitive processes.
“LSD and psilocybin are well-known … that can dramatically change a person’s sensory experience.”
hallucinogens
“LSD and psilocybin are well-known hallucinogens that can dramatically change a person’s sensory experience.”
(noun) an abnormal or excessive production of tears
“Her allergies caused … during the spring.”
increased tearing
“Her allergies caused increased tearing during the spring.”
(noun) pain or discomfort in the abdominal area, often caused by muscle spasms or digestive issues.
“After eating the spicy food, she experienced severe ….”
abdominal cramps
“After eating the spicy food, she experienced severe abdominal cramps.”
(noun) a condition where the body’s reflexes are more responsive than normal, often resulting in exaggerated reactions to stimuli.
“His … caused him to jump at the slightest sound.”
overactive reflexes
“His overactive reflexes caused him to jump at the slightest sound.”
(noun) the quality or state of being shaky or unstable
“The … of the table made it difficult to write.”
shakiness
“The shakiness of the table made it difficult to write.”
(noun) a condition characterized by an abnormally elevated body temperature, often due to excessive heat exposure or illness.
“The athlete suffered from … after running a marathon in extreme heat.”
hyperthernia
“The athlete suffered from hyperthermia after running a marathon in extreme heat.”
(noun) a severe mental disorder characterized by a disconnection from reality, often involving hallucinations or delusions.
“The patient was diagnosed with … after experiencing vivid hallucinations.”
psychosis
“The patient was diagnosed with psychosis after experiencing vivid hallucinations.”
(noun) a strong desire for something, often related to food or substances.
“She had a sudden … for chocolate cake.”
cravings
“She had a sudden craving for chocolate cake.”
(noun) sudden, violent, irregular movements of the muscles, often caused by a medical condition.
“The patient experienced … during the seizure.”
convulsions
“The patient experienced convulsions during the seizure.”
chills
