Healing And Repair- Clinal Questions Flashcards
What type of healing will occur after a full thickness burn?
Healing by secondary intention
Briefly describe healing by secondary intention
Haemostasis
Acute inflammation
Chronic inflammation
Wound contraction (as epidermis regenerates and myofibroblasts contract)
Fibrous regeneration- scar tissue formation
Scar mature
Some scars that form around joints can be disfiguring, what other problems can they cause?
Loss of function if they take over specialised tissue
Cause blockages to tubes/vessels/ducts
Fixed flexion deformity if burns over the flexors
A joint can be fixed in a bizarre position and that can impede blood flow
How can disfiguring scars be prevented? (2)
- skin grafts
- physiotherapy to allow limb to keep moving
After a nerve has been severed, it is possible to get some regeneration. How long would you expect this to take and therefore how long would you expect it to take for function to return to the muscle?
Depending on where the position of the damage.
1-3 mm per day though
What is a traumatic Neuroma and what are the symptoms it might produce?
A growth of a tumour in the nerve tissue as a result of trauma.
Nerves tangle and form a nodule, this can be painful, there is impaired function, paralysis of muscle
**also occurs during an amputation as axons and nerve fibres have no where to go so tangle, this may explain what causes “phantom limb pain”
What factors might delay healing?
Nutrient deficiency
Foreign bodies
Infection
Hypovolaemia
Age Obesity Diabetes Genetic disorder Drugs
What local factors might be responsible for the lack of union of a bone following a fracture?
No mechanical stress Foreign bodies Infection Displacement / misalignment Poor blood supply
What are the main cellular and non-cellular constituents of granulation tissue?
Capillaries
Fibroblasts
Myofibroblasts
Chronic inflammatory cells
In what ethnicity are keloid scars more prevalent?
Afro-caribbean
More is the difference between a keloid and a hypertrophic scar?
Keloid: more pronounced, formation is delayed, they can regress
Hypertrophic: stays within the wound borders, formation begins straight away
*both have excessive collagen but they act differently
What is the main complication of wound healing?
Infection
What is ‘proud flesh’? How is it treated (if necessary)?
An excessive growth of granulation tissue with the appearance of a cauliflower.
Surgically removed
Can burn it off with silver nitrate stick
