Headache Flashcards
What are the primary Headache disorders?
Migraine
Cluster
Tension-type
What are some disorders that cause secondary headaches?
Extracranial disorders
Intracranial disorders
Systemic disorders
Drugs and toxins
What are some extracrainal disorders that cause secondary headaches?
Carotid or vetrebral artery dissection Dental disorders Glaucoma Sinusitis Temporomandibular joint dysfunction
What are some intracranial disorders that cause secondary headaches?
Brain tumors Chiari type I malformation CSF leak with low pressure headache Hemorrhage Idiopathic intracranial hypertension Infection Meningitis Obstructive hydrocephalus Vascular disorders
What are some systemic disorders that cause secondary headaches?
Acute severe hypertension Bacteremia Fever Gaint Cell arteritis Hypercapina Hypoxia Viral infection Viremia
What are some drugs and toxins that may cause secondary headaches?
Analgesic overuse Caffeine withdrawal Carbon monoxide Hormones Nitrates Proton Pump Inhibitors
What are some sugestive findings for a cluster headache?
Unilateral orbitotemporal attacks at the same time of day.
Deep, severe, lasting 30-180 min; often with lacrimation, facial flushing, or horner’s syndrome; restlessness
What are some sugestive findings for Migraine headache?
Frequently unilateral and pulsating, lasting 4-72 hours; occasionally with aura, nausea, photophobia, sonophobia, or osmophobia
Worse with activity, preference to lie in the dark, resolution with sleep
What are some sugestive findings for Tension-type headache?
Frequent or continuous mild, bilateral and viselike occipital or frontal pain that spreads to entire head
Worse at the end of day
What are some suggestive findings for acute-narrow anlge glaucoma?
unilateral
Halos around lights, decreased visual acuity
conjunctival injection, vomiting
What are suggestive findings for sinusitis?
positional facial or tooth pain, fever, purulent rhinorrhea
What should you cover in ROS for a headache?
vomting, fever, red eye, visual sxs(halos, blurring), visual field deficits, diplopia, lacrimation and facial flushing, rhinorrhea, pulsatile tinnitus, preceding aura, focal neurologic deficit, seizures, myalgias
What is a thunderclap headache?
Severe headache that peaks within a few seconds
What sxs would warrent an immediate MRI/CT?
Thunderclap Altered mental status Meningismus Papilledema Signs of sepsis Severe hypertension (Systolic >220 mm Hg or diastolic of 120 mm Hg)
What is papilledema?
Swelling of the optic disc that is caused by increased intracranial pressure
