Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MDT > Approach to abnormal liver function tests > Flashcards

Approach to abnormal liver function tests Flashcards

1
Q

What part of an LFT measures the Liver’s ablity to detoxify metabolites and transport organic anions into bile?

A

Serum bilirubin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the aminotransferases measured in a LFT?

A 
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)
Asparate Aminotransferase (AST)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What term describes an enzyme that catalyzes a type of reaction between an amino acid and an a-keto acid?

A

Aminotransferase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the process describing the abnormal retention of lipids within a cell?

A

Steatosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What part of a LFT correlates with the degree of trunk fat?

A

ALT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What accompanying symptoms should be evaluated in the patient with abnormal LFTs?

A 
Jaundice
Arthralgias
Myalgias
Rash
Anorexia 
Weight loss
Abdominal pain
Fever
Prurits
Change is urine and stool
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In the patient with abnormal LFTs, what might a history of arthralgias and myalgias predating jaundice indicate?

A

viral or drug-related hepatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

In the patient with abnormal LFTs, what might jaundice associated with sudden onset of severe right upper quadrant pain and shaking chills suggest?

A

Choledocholithiasis and ascending cholangitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What parenteral exposures should a patient be questioned about with abnormal LFTs?

A

Transfusion
IV and intranasal drug use
Tattoos
Sexual activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What term describes the appearance of distended and engorged paraumbilical veins, which are seen radiating from the umbilicus across the abdomen to join systemic veins?

A

Caput Medusae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are some of the stigmata of chronic liver disease?

A

Spider nevi
Palmar erthema
Gynecomastia
Caput medusae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the two broad categories that abnormal LFTs can be divided into?

A

Patterns predominantly reflecting hepatocellular injury

Patterns predominantly reflecting cholestasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What term describes a condition where bile cannot flow from the liver to the duodenum?

A

Cholestasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A Pt with hepatocellular injury usually has a disproportionate elevation in what aspect of the LFT?

A

Elevation in aminotransferases when compared to alakaline phosphatase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What might a low serum albumin suggest?

A

chronic hepatocelluar process such as cirrhosis or cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the first step when evaluating a patient with mild chronic elevation in serum aminotransferases?

A

Identify medications/supplements that can cause elevation
Assess alcohol use
Test for viral Hep B, Hep C hemochromatosis and fatty liver

17
Q

What condition causes your body to absorb too much iron from the food you eat?

A

Hemochromatosis

18
Q

What are common medications that cause elevation in aminotransferases?

A

NSAIDs, antibiotics, statins, antiepileptic drugs, antituberculous drugs.

19
Q

What aminotransferase ratio supports the diagnosis of alcohol abuse?

A

AST to ALT ratio of 2:1

20
Q

What enzyme is increased with early cholestasis?

A

Alkaline phosphatase

21
Q

What other conditions/disorders can cause elevated Alkaline phosphatase other than choletasis?

A

Bone Disease
Intestinal obstruction
Pregnancy

22
Q

What is a common hereditary disorder that causes impaired conjugation of bilirubin?

A

Gilbert’s Syndrome

23
Q

What are some causes of decreased serum albumin?

A

Decreased liver production
Increased renal/GI loss (nephrotic syndrome, protein losing enteropathy in inflammatory bowel disease)
Protein malnutrition

24
Q

What aminotransferases is more specific to the liver?

A

ALT

25
Q

What type of bilirubin can be excreted by the kidney?

A

Conjugated/direct bilirubin

26
Q

What might you suspect in a Pt with bilirubinurea?

A

cholestasis of some kind because only conjugated/direct bilirubin can be excreted by the kidney

27
Q

What test can you perform to confirm that an elevated Alkaline Phosphatase is a result of cholestasis?

A

Gamma-Glutamyl Transferas (GGT)

28
Q

What might you suspect if a Pt’s Direct Bilirubin made up over 50% of their total bilirubin?

A

Some sort of obstruction of the intra/extrahepatic ducts

MDT (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions