Head Vessels Flashcards
Branching of aortic arch species differences
Left subclvian arises from aortic arch in small animals/pig
Left subclavian arises from brachiocephalic trunk in large animals
large animals have bicarotid trunk
Bovine have costocervical-vertebral trunk (fused)
Name species and label
Dog/Cat
1) Brachiocephalic trunk
2) Right subclavian a
3) Right vertebral a
4) Right common carotid a
5) Left common carotid a
6) Left vertebral a
7) Left subclavian a
Name species and label
Ox/Horse
1) Brachiocephalic trunk
2) Right subclavian a
3) Right vertebral a
4) Right common carotid a
5) Left common carotid a
6) Left vertebral a
7) Left subclavian a
8) Bicarotid trunk
1) Right vertebral a
2) Costocervical trunk
3) Superficial cervical
4) Internal thoracic
Where does vertebral a. run?
Travels in the transverse foramen of the cervical vertebrae
Where is costocervical trunk located? What does it supply?
Runs in 1st intercostal
deep mm of of neck and shoulders
What does superficial cervical a supply? What structure is it related to?
Superficial mm of neck and shoulder
Related to superficial cervical ln
5) external carotid a
6) internal carotid a
1) occipital a
2) internal carotid a
3) external carotid a
4) common carotid a
internal carotid species differences
is missing/remnant in cats and ruminants
instead vascularization is by branches of maxillary a
What important structures are located at the origin of the internal carotid
carotid body and carotid sinus
(in cats/ruminants located close to occipital a or branches of the internal remnant)
What is the carotid body
chemoreceptor (measures pCO2)
note: not seen grossly
What is the carotid sinus
baroreceptor
causes and enlargement of the artery at this sight
In which head vessels can you palpate a pulse
transverse facial and facial aa
1) superficial temporal a
2) caudal auricular a
3) occipital a
4) external carotid a
5) lingual a
6) facial a
7) transverse facial a
1) superficial temporal a
2) caudal auricular a
3) occipital a
4) linguofacial trunk
5) facial a
6) lingual a
7) transverse facial a
1) transverse facial a
2) masseteric a
3) facial a
Goat head vessel species difference
No facial a
Horned species head vessel difference
Cornual a
1) maxillary a
2) inferior alveolar a
3) external ophthalmic a
4) major palatine a
5) sphenopalatine a
6) infraorbital a
Where does maxillary artery run
alar canal
Where does infraorbital a run
infraorbital canal
Where does sphenopalatine a run
sphenopalatine foramen
Where does major palatine a run and what does it supply
Through major palatine foramen through palatine canal to supply hard palate
1) major palatine a
2) maxillary a
3) infraorbital a
4) sphenopalatine a
5) infraorbital a
6) major palatine a
1) Basilar a
2) internal carotid a
3) anastomotic ramus (from external ophthalmic)
4) rostral cerebral a
5) middle cerebral a
6) caudal cerebral a
Describe blood supply to the cranial cavity in ruminants and cats
Rete mirabile maxillaris
At base of cranial cavity and is a branch of the maxillary a to replace the internal carotis
Compare veins in the head vs systemic
Veins in the head fo not have valves to prevent backflow
Where do veins in the head drain
External Jugular veins
What structures does the maxillary vein drain
ear, orbit, palate, cheek, nasal cavity, and cranium
What structures does the linguofacial vein drain
face, orbit, tongue, pharynx, and larynx
Which veins are a site for venipunture in the head
transverse facial, sublingual (runs under tongue)
1) transvers facial v
2) maxillary v
3) buccal v
4) lingual v
5) deep facial v
6) facial v
7) sublingual v
8) linguofacial v
9) external jugular v
