Head and Neck Radiology

Question 1

What plain radiography images can you obtain?

Answer 1

Lateral soft tissue neck

Facial views (maxillofacial)

Orthopantomogram (OPG) (Dental Assessment)

Question 2

What is used to carry out a contrast study?

Answer 2

Barium and iondine based water soluble contrast media

Question 3

What is a sialogram?

Answer 3

A sialogram is a test used to diagnose a blocked salivary gland or duct in your mouth

US can also show stones

Question 4

What can you carry out with contrast studies?

Answer 4

Swallows:
-e.g. FOSIT, post op leaks

Sialograms

Sinograms etc

Question 5

What is Sjogren’s syndrome?

Answer 5

Sjögren’s syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the body’s white blood cells destroy the exocrine glands, specifically the salivary and lacrimal glands.

The immune-mediated attack on the salivary and lacrimal glands leads to the development of xerostomia (dry mouth) and keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eyes), which takes place in association with lymphocytic infiltration of the glands. That inflammatory process eventually severely damages or destroys the glands.

Question 6

What is videofluoroscopy?

Answer 6

A videofluoroscopy is an X-ray that looks at the way your swallowing works.

Helps see if problems are functional or mechanical

Speech therapist in attendance

Different consistencies of barium

Question 7

What can ultrasound be used for?

Answer 7

Solid vs Cystic

Vascularity (doppler)

Ultrasound guided FNA

Question 8

What is a Sestamibi scan?

Answer 8

A sestamibi parathyroid scan is a procedure in nuclear medicine which is performed to localize parathyroid adenoma.

Adequate localization of parathyroid adenoma allows the surgeon to use a minimally invasive surgical approach.

Question 9

What is a good scan to look at the ear?

Answer 9

CT (Middle ear)
-Just bone and air so CT is brilliant

MRI (internal ear)
-More detail

Question 10

What is the difference between Type 1 and Type 2 weighted MRI?

Answer 10

Type 1 = water white

Type 2 = water black

Question 11

What is the contrast used in MRI?

Answer 11

Gadolinium

Question 12

What is sialectasis?

Answer 12

Sialectasis (siadochiectasis) is the cystic dilatation of the ducts within salivary glands. It is most commonly seen in the parotid gland and is associated with ascending infections and gland destruction.

Question 13

When looking at the TMJ how many images to you take?

Answer 13

2:

• One open
• One closed

Question 14

What images can you gain in nuclear medicine?

Answer 14

Isotope bone scan (Technetium 99)

Thyroid (Pertech) / Parathyroid (Sestamibi)

PET (FDG)