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Clinical Anatomy > Head and Neck Muscle Quiz > Flashcards

Head and Neck Muscle Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

Platysma

A

O: inf border of mandible, skin, and subcutaneous tissues of lower face
I: fascia covering superior parts of pectoralis major and deltoid muscles
Inn: Facial nerve (CN7)
A: draws corners of mouth inferiorly and widen it as in expressions of sadness and fright, draws skin of neck superiorly when teeth are clenched
Blood:

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2
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

O: manubrium, proximal clavicle
I: mastoid process, temporal bone
Inn: Accessory (CN11)
A: rotate head to opposite side, flex neck, extends head
B: superior thyroid, external carotid
V: external jugular

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3
Q

Mylohyoid

A

O: mylohyoid line of mandible
I: mylohyoid raphe and body of hyoid
Inn: mandibular (CNV3) specifically inf alveolar n.
A: elevate hyoid, floor of mouth, and tongue during swallowing and speaking
B: mylohyoid (branch of inf alveolar artery)

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4
Q

Geniohyoid

A

O: inf mental spine of mandible
I: body of hyoid
Inn: C1 via hypoglossal (CN12) and nerve to geniohyoid
A: pulls hyoid anterosuperiorly, shorten floor of mouth, widen pharynx
B: sublingual branch of lingual artery

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5
Q

Stylohyoid

A

O: Stylohyoid process of temporal bone
I: body of hyoid
Inn: stylohyoid branch of facial nerve
A: elevate and retract hyoid, elongate floor of mouth
B: branches of facial, occipital, and posterior auricular (all from Ext. carotid)

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6
Q

Digastric (anterior belly)

A

O: digastric fossa of mandible
I: intermediate tendon to body and greater horn of hyoid
Inn: nerve to mylohyoid, branch of inferior alveolar
A: work with infrahyoid m. depress mandible against resistance, elevate and steady hyoid during swallowing and speaking
B: submental from facial

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7
Q

Digastric (posterior belly)

A

O: mastoid notch of temporal bone
I: intermediate tendon to body and greater horn of hyoid
Inn: digastric branch of facial (CN7)
A: work with infrahyoid m. depress mandible against resistance, elevate and steady hyoid during swallowing and speaking
B: post. auricular and occipital

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8
Q

Sternohyoid

A

O: manubrium of sternum and medial end of clavicle
I: body of hyoid
Inn: C1-C3 branch of ansa cervicalis
A: depress hyoid after elevation during swallowing
B: superior thyroid A/V

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9
Q

Omohyoid

A

O: superior border of scapula near suprascapular notch
I: inferior border of hyoid
Inn: C1-C3 of ansa cervicalis
A: depress, retract, and steady hyoid
B: superior and inf thyroid

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10
Q

Sternothyroid

A

O: posterior surface of manubrium of sternum
I: oblique line of thyroid cartilage
Inn: C2-C3 branch of ansa cervicalis
A: depress hyoid and larynx
B: lingual and sup thyroid

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11
Q

Thyrohyoid

A

O: oblique line of thyroid cartilage
I: inf border of body and greater horn of hyoid
Inn: C1 via hypoglossal (CN12) and nerve to thryohyoid
A: depress hyoid and elevate larynx
B: superior thyroid

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12
Q

Occipitofrontalis (front belly)

A

O: Epicranial aponeurosis
I: skin and subcutaneous tissue of eyebrows and forehead
Inn: facial (CN 7)
A: elevate eyebrow and wrinkles skin of forehead, protract scalp
B: occipital A/V

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13
Q

Occipitofrontalis (occipital belly)

A

O: lateral 2/3 of sup nuchal line
I: epicranial aponeurosis
Inn: facial (CN 7)
A: retract scalp, increase effectiveness of frontal belly

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14
Q

Orbicularis Oculi

A

O: medial orbital margin, medial palpebral ligament, lacrimal bone
I: skin around margin of orbit, sup and inf tarsal plates
Inn: facial (temporal and zygomatic)
A: closes eyelids

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15
Q

Corrugator supercilii

A

O: medial end of superciliary arch
I: skin sup to middle of supra-orbital margin and superciliary arch
Inn: facial
A: draw eyebrow medially and inf, create vertical wrinkles above nose
B: sup temporal from opthalmic

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16
Q

Proceris and transverse part of nasalis

A

O: fascia aponeurosis covering nasal bone and lateral nasal cartilage
I: skin inf forhead, between eyebrows
Inn: facial (temporal)
A: depress medial end of eyebrow, wrinkles skin over dorsum of nose
B: facial

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17
Q

alar part of nasalis plus levator labii superiosis alaeque nasi

A

O: frontal process of maxilla
I: major alar cartilage, lat skin of upper lip
Inn: facial
A: depress ala lat, dilating ant nasal aperture, help to elevate upper lip
B: facial and maxillary

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18
Q

orbicularis oris

A

O: madial maxilla and mandible, deep surface of peri-oral skin, angle of mouth
I: mucous membrane of lips
Inn: buccal and mandibular (facial)
A: tonus closes oral fissure, phasic contraction compresses and protrudes lips (kissing) or resist distension (when blowing)

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19
Q

levator labii superiosis

A

O: infra-orbital margin (maxilla)
I: skin of upper lip
Inn: zygomatic and buccal (facial)
A: part of dilators of mouth, retract (elevate) and evert upper lip, deepen nasolabial sulcus (shows sadness)

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20
Q

zygomaticus major

A

O: lateral zygomatic bone
I: angle of mouth
Inn: zygomatic and buccal (facial)
A: dilator of mouth, elevate labial commissure to smile, one side at a time to sneer

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21
Q

zygomaticus minor

A

O: anterior zygomatic bone
I: skin of upper lip
Inn: facial
A: dilator of mouth, retract and evert upper lip, deepen nasolabial sulcus

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22
Q

buccinator

A

O: mandible, alveolar process of maxilla and mandible, pterygomandibular raphe
I: angle of mouth, orbicularis oris
Inn: buccal (facial)
A: press cheek against molars, work with tongue to keep food out of oral vestibule, resists distension

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23
Q

levator anguli oris

A

O: infra-orbital maxilla (canine fossa)
I: angle of mouth
Inn: zygomatic and buccal (facial)
A: dilator of mouth, widen oral fissure, when grinning or grimacing

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24
Q

risorius

A

O: parotid fascia and buccal skin
I: angle of mouth
Inn: buccal (facial)
A: dilator of mouth, depress labial commissure bilat to frown

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25
Q

depressor anguli oris

A

O: anterolateral base of mandible
I: angle of mouth
Inn: mandibular and buccal (facial)
A: dilator of mouth, depress labial commissure bilat to frown

26
Q

depressor labii inferioris

A

O: platysma and anterolateral body of mandible
I: skin of lower lip
Inn: mandibular (facial)
A: dilator of mouth, retract and evert lower lip (pout, sadness)

27
Q

mentalis

A

O: body of mandible
I: skin of chin (mentolabial sulcus)
Inn: mandibular (facial)
A: elevate and protrude lower lip, elevate skin of chin (show doubt)

28
Q

levator palebrae superioris

A

O: lesser wing of sphenoid bone, sup and ant to optic canal
I: sup tarsus and skin of sup eyelid
Inn: Oculomotor nerve (CN 3), deep supplied by sympathetic fibers
A: elevate superior eyelid

29
Q

superior oblique

A

O: body of sphenoid bone
I: sclera deep to sup rectus muscle
Inn: trochlear nerve (CN 4)
A: abduct, depress, and medially rotate eyeball

30
Q

inferior oblique

A

O: anterior floor of orbit
I: sclera deep to lateral rectus m
Inn: oculomotor (CN 3)
A: abduct, elevate, and laterally rotate eyeball

31
Q

superior rectus

A

O: common tendinous ring
I: sclera post to corneoscleral junction
Inn: oculomotor (CN3)
A: elevate, adduct, and rotate eyeball medially

32
Q

inferior rectus

A

O: common tendinous ring
I: sclera post to corneoscleral junction
Inn: oculomotor (CN3)
A: depress, adduct, and rotate eyeball laterally

33
Q

medial rectus

A

O: common tendinous ring
I: sclera post to corneoscleral junction
Inn: Oculomotor (CN3)
A: adduct eyeball

34
Q

lateral rectus

A

O: common tendinous ring
I: sclera post to corneoscleral junction
Inn: abducent (CN6)
A: abducts eyeball

35
Q

temporalis

A

O: floor of temporal fossa and deep surface of temporal fascia
I: tip and medial surface of coronoid process and ant border of ramus of mandible
Inn: mandibular (CN V3)
A: elevate mandible, close jaw, retract mandible
B: maxillary

36
Q

masseter

A

O: inf border and medial surface of maxillary process of zygomatic bone and arch
I: angle and lat surface of ramus of mandible
Inn: mandibular (CN V3)
A: elevate mandible, close jaw, weak protrusion of mandible
B: maxillary

37
Q

lateral pterygoid

A

O: infratemporal surface and crest of greater wing of sphenoid and lat pterygoid plate
I: joint capsule and articular disc of TMJ, pterygoid fovea on anteromedial neck of condyloid process of mandible
Inn: Mandibular (CN V3)
A: protract mandible and depress chin, swing jaw to one side, chewing movements
B: maxillary

38
Q

medial pterygoid

A

O: medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate and pyramidal process of palatine bone and tuberosity of maxilla
I: medial surface of ramus of mandible, inf to mandibular foramen
Inn: mandibular (CN V3)
A: acts with masseter to elevate mandible, contribute to protrusion, smaller grinding movements
B: maxillary

39
Q

tensor veli palatini

A

O: scaphoid fossa of medial pterygoid plate, spine of sphenoid bone and cartilage of pharyngotympanic tube
I: palatine aponeurosis
Inn: mandibular (CN V3)
A: tenses soft palate and open mouth of pharyngotympanic tube during swallowing and yawning
B: maxillary and facial

40
Q

levator veli palatini

A

O: cartilage of pharyngotympanic tube and petrous part of temporal bone
I: palatine aponeurosis
Inn: Vagus (CN 10) pharyngeal plexus
A: elevate soft palate during swallowing and yawning
B: ascending pharyngeal and ascending palatine

41
Q

palatoglossus

A

O: palatine aponeurosis
I: side of tongue
Inn: Vagus (CN 10) pharyngeal plexus
A: elevate post tongue and draw soft palate onto tongue
B: lingual

42
Q

plataopharyngeus

A

O: hard palate and palatine aponeurosis
I: lateral wall of pharynx
Inn: Vagus (CN 10) pharyngeal plexus
A: tense soft palate and pull walls of pharynx sup, ant, and medially during swallowing
B: ascending pharyngeal

43
Q

musculus uvulae

A

O: post nasal spine and palatine aponeurosis
I: mucosa of uvula
Inn: Vagus (CN 10) pharyngeal plexus
A: shorten uvula and pull it sup

44
Q

genioglossus

A

O: sup mental spine of mandible
I: entire dorsum of tongue, body of hyoid
A: depress tongue, mainly middle to create longitudinal furrow, pulls tongue ant for protrusion, retract apex of protruded tongue
B: lingual

45
Q

hyoglossus

A

O: body and greater horn of hyoid
I: inf lateral tongue
A: depress tongue, pulls side inf, helps retrude tongue
B: sublingual and submental (lingual and facial)

46
Q

styloglossus

A

O: ant border of distal styloid process, stylohyoid ligament
I: sides of tongue post
A: retrude tongue and curl its sides, work with genioglossus to form central tough during swallowing
B: sublingual

47
Q

superior longitudinal

A

O: submucosal layer and median fibrous septum
I: margin of tongue and mucous membrane
A: curl tongue longitudinally upward, elevating apex and sides, shortens it

48
Q

inferior longitudinal

A

O: root of tongue and body of hyoid
I: apex of tongue
A: curl tongue longitudinally downward, depress apex, shorten

49
Q

transverse tongue

A

O: median fibrous septum
I: fibrous tissue at lateral lingual margins
A: narrows and elongate

50
Q

vertical (tongue)

A

O: submucosal layer of dorsum
I: inf surface of borders
A: flattens and broadens

51
Q

Cricothyroid

A

O: front of cricoid cartilage
I: inf margin and inf horn of thyroid cartilage
Inn: external laryngeal CN10
A: stretches and tenses vocal ligament
B: cricothryroid (sup thyroid)

52
Q

thyroarytenoid

A

O: posterior angle of thyroid laminae and cricothyroid ligament
I: front arytenoid surface
Inn: inf laryngeal from CN 10)
A: relaxes vocal ligament
B: sup and inf thyroid

53
Q

posterior cricoarytenoid

A

O: back side of lamina of cricoid cartilage
I: muscular process of arytenoid cartilage
Inn: inf laryngeal (CN10)
A: abduct vocal folds
B: sup and inf thyroid

54
Q

lateral cricoarytenoid

A

O: arch of cricoid cartilage
I: muscular process of arytenoid cartilage
Inn: inf laryngeal (CN10)
A: adduct vocal fold
B: sup and inf thyroid

55
Q

transverse and oblique arytenoids

A

O: one arytenoid cartilage
I: contralateral arytenoid cartilage
Inn: inf laryngeal (CN10)
A: adduct arytenoid cartilages
B: sup and inf thyroid

56
Q

vocalis

A

O: lateral surface of vocal process of arytenoid cartilage
I: same side vocal ligament
Inn: inf laryngeal (10)
A: relax post vocal ligament while maintaining tension of anterior part
B: sup and inf thyroid

57
Q

superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

O: pterygoid, hamulus, pterygomandibular raphe, post end of mylohyoid line of mandible and side of tongue
I: pharyngeal tubercle on basilar of occipital bone
Inn: pharyngeal branch of Vagus (CN 10) and pharyngeal plexus
A: constrict walls of pharynx during swallowing
B: ascending pharyngeal

58
Q

middle pharyngeal constrictor

A

O: stylohyoid ligament and greater and lesser horns of hyoid
I: Pharyngeal raphe
Inn: vagus (CN 10) and pharyngeal plexus
A: constrict walls of pharynx during swallowing
B: ascending pharyngeal

59
Q

inferior pharyngeal constrictor

A

O: oblique line of thyroid cartilage and side of circoid cartilage
I: cricopharyngeal encircles pharyngoesophageal junction without forming a raphe
Inn: Vagus (CN 10) and pharyngeal plexus
A: constrict walls of pharynx during swallowing
B: ascending thyroid and inf thyroid

60
Q

salpingopharyngeus

A

O: cartilaginous part of pharyngotympanic tube
I: blends with palatopharyngeus
Inn: vagus (10) and pharyngeal plexus
A: elevate pharynx and larynx during swallowing and speaking
B: ascending pharyngeal

61
Q

stylopharyngeus

A

O: styloid process of temporal bone
I: post and sup borders of thyroid cartilage with palatopharyngeus
Inn: glossopharyngeal (CN 9)
A: elevate pharynx and larynx during swallowing and speaking
B: ascending pharyngeal

Clinical Anatomy (6 decks)

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