Head and Neck Cancer Flashcards
risk factors for head and neck cancer
tobacco alcohol viruses (HPV, EBV) betel nut hardwood
presentation of head and neck cancer
dysphonia lump/mass dysphagia stridor lymphadenopathy nasal discharge, odynophagia, referred otalgia, etc.
when does dysphonia prompt urgent laryngoscopy?
present for >3 weeks
who gets vocal cord cancer?
smokers
what does one sided pain on swallowing indicate?
tongue or parapharyngeal space indicate
differentials for head and neck cancer?
parathyroids
thyroid
lymphoma
Virchow’s node (gastric cancer)
risk factors for oral cavity cancer
southern Asia
chewing tobacco
risk factors for nasopharyngeal cancer
south China
EBV
risk factors for oropharyngeal cancer
west
HPV16
risk factors for laryngeal cancer
cigarettes
alcohol
staging of head and neck cancer
TNM
management of early laryngeal cancer (T1/2)
transoral laser
radiotherapy
management of advanced laryngeal cancer (T3/4)
partial/total laryngectomy
chemotherapy
radiotherapy
management of early oropharyngeal cancer (T1/2)
chemotherapy/radiotherapy
transoral surgery
management of advanced oropharyngeal cancer T3/4
chemo/radiotherapy
management of nasopharyngeal cancer
chemo-radiotherapy
diagnosis of head and neck cancer
USS with FNA
CT for neck and chest
MRI
PET
diagnosis of salivary gland tumours
USS with FNA
CT
MRI
PET
what is most common salivary gland to be affected?
parotid gland
most common salivary gland cancer
pleomorphic adenoma
risks in parotidectomy
facial nerve
retromandibular vein
ECA
examples of benign salivary gland tumours
Warthin’s tumour
pleomorphic adenoma
examples of malignant salivary gland tumours
micoepidermoid carcinoma
adenoid cystic
what is sialothithiasis
stones in the salivary glands
