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ENT 2020 > Head and Neck Cancer > Flashcards

Head and Neck Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

risk factors for head and neck cancer

A 
tobacco
alcohol
viruses (HPV, EBV)
betel nut
hardwood
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2
Q

presentation of head and neck cancer

A 
dysphonia
lump/mass
dysphagia
stridor
lymphadenopathy
nasal discharge, odynophagia, referred otalgia, etc.
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3
Q

when does dysphonia prompt urgent laryngoscopy?

A

present for >3 weeks

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4
Q

who gets vocal cord cancer?

A

smokers

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5
Q

what does one sided pain on swallowing indicate?

A

tongue or parapharyngeal space indicate

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6
Q

differentials for head and neck cancer?

A

parathyroids
thyroid
lymphoma
Virchow’s node (gastric cancer)

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7
Q

risk factors for oral cavity cancer

A

southern Asia

chewing tobacco

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8
Q

risk factors for nasopharyngeal cancer

A

south China

EBV

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9
Q

risk factors for oropharyngeal cancer

A

west

HPV16

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10
Q

risk factors for laryngeal cancer

A

cigarettes

alcohol

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11
Q

staging of head and neck cancer

A

TNM

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12
Q

management of early laryngeal cancer (T1/2)

A

transoral laser

radiotherapy

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13
Q

management of advanced laryngeal cancer (T3/4)

A

partial/total laryngectomy
chemotherapy
radiotherapy

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14
Q

management of early oropharyngeal cancer (T1/2)

A

chemotherapy/radiotherapy

transoral surgery

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15
Q

management of advanced oropharyngeal cancer T3/4

A

chemo/radiotherapy

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16
Q

management of nasopharyngeal cancer

A

chemo-radiotherapy

17
Q

diagnosis of head and neck cancer

A

USS with FNA
CT for neck and chest
MRI
PET

18
Q

diagnosis of salivary gland tumours

A

USS with FNA
CT
MRI
PET

19
Q

what is most common salivary gland to be affected?

A

parotid gland

20
Q

most common salivary gland cancer

A

pleomorphic adenoma

21
Q

risks in parotidectomy

A

facial nerve
retromandibular vein
ECA

22
Q

examples of benign salivary gland tumours

A

Warthin’s tumour

pleomorphic adenoma

23
Q

examples of malignant salivary gland tumours

A

micoepidermoid carcinoma

adenoid cystic

24
Q

what is sialothithiasis

A

stones in the salivary glands

ENT 2020 (17 decks)

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