4th Year Throat Additions

Question 1

borders of the anterior triangle of the neck

Answer 1

mandible
midline of the neck
sternocleidomastoid

Question 2

borders of the posterior triangle of the neck

Answer 2

clavicle
trapezius
sternocleidomastoid

Question 3

what is a paraganglioma?

Answer 3

excess growth of glomus cells (chemoreceptors at the carotid bifurcation)
often pulsatile

Question 4

what causes a thyroglossal cyst?

Answer 4

thyroglossal duct that the thyroid travels through remains leaving a space to fill with fluid

Question 5

diagnosis of thyroglossal cyst?

Answer 5

moves up and down with tongue movement

USS or CT

Question 6

management of thyroglossal cyst

Answer 6

need to remove entire thyroglossal duct

Question 7

what is a branchial cyst?

Answer 7

congenital abnormality when the 2nd branchial cleft fails to form leaving a space in the alteral neck that fills with fluid

Question 8

where is a branchial cyst located?

Answer 8

between angle of the jaw and sternocleidomastoid

Question 9

diagnosis of branchial cyst

Answer 9

transilluimates

Question 10

management of branchial cyst

Answer 10

surgical excision

Question 11

what is stertor?

Answer 11

obstruction of the airway at the level of the larynx causes vibration of nasopharynx, pharynx or soft palate causing a low pitched snoring

Question 12

what is a total laryngectomy?

Answer 12

removal of the larynx and trachea is brought into the midline of the neck

pharynx is closed so the mouth has no connection to the airway (nose function lost)

Question 13

what is Reinke’s oedema?

Answer 13

swelling of the vocal cord

Question 14

options for speech post-laryngectomy

Answer 14

electrolarynx
speech valve
oesophageal speech