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ADAT Study > Head and Neck Anatomy Part 2 > Flashcards

Head and Neck Anatomy Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Lymphatic System

A

Fight disease by ridding body fo toxins

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2
Q

Lymph

A

Tissue fluid that drains to the lymphatic system from surrounding regions

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3
Q

Lymph Vessels

A

Move fluid in one direction

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4
Q

Lymph Nodes

A

Oval shaped organs clustered along vessels. Will not be able to see or palpate in healthy patients

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5
Q

Lymphocytes

A

Filter toxins from lymph and are derived from stem cells in bone Marrow

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6
Q

T Cells

A

Mature in Thymus

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7
Q

Thymus

A

Located behind sternum

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8
Q

Lymphadenopathy

A

Increase in size of lymph node. Indicates infection or disease

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9
Q

Tonsils

A

Masses of lymphoid tissue located in the oral cavity and pharynx. Remove toxins

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10
Q

Superficial Cervical Lymph Nodes

A

Submental: Under the chin and drain chin, lips, apex of tongue, floor of mouth, and drain into submandibular nodes and deep cervical nodes
Submandibular: Drains the cheeks, upper lip, anterior hard palate, body of tongue and all teeth except maxillary third molars and empties into superior deep cervical nodes

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11
Q

Deep Cervical Lymph Nodes

A

Superior Deep: Drains posterior nasal cavity, posterior hard palate, bose of tongue and maxillary third molars and empties intoinferior deep cervical nodes or jugular trunk
Inferior Deep: Drains the posterior part of scalp and neck, part of arm and empties into jugular trunk

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12
Q

Occipital Nodes

A

Drains the scalp and drains into deep cervical nodes

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13
Q

Retroauricular Nodes

A

posterior to the ear

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14
Q

Anterior auricular Nodes

A

Anterior to the ear

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15
Q

Superficial parotid nodes

A

Drains external ear, lacrimal glands, adjacent region of the nodes. Empty into deep cervical nodes

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16
Q

Facial Node

A

Along facial veins. Drains skin where they are located and empties into the submandibular nodes

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17
Q

Tonsils

A

Are not located along lymphatic vessels. All empty into deep cervical nodes

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18
Q

Palatine Tonsils

A

between anterior and posterior pillars

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19
Q

Lingual Tonsils

A

Dorsal surface of the base of the tongue

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20
Q

Pharyngeal Tonsils

A

midline of posterior wall of nasophranyx “adenoids”

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21
Q

Tubal Tonsils

A

nasophraynx, posterior to openings of auditory tube

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22
Q

Exocrine Gland

A

have ducts, empty directly into body locationwhere secretions will be sued

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23
Q

Endocrine Gland

A

No Ducts and empty directly into circulatory system to be transported

24
Q

Parotid Gland

A

On surface of masseter muscle and pierces buccinator
Largest but only 25% of salivary volume mostly serous.
Stensons Duct and enters near 2nd maxillary molar

25
Q

Submandibur Gland

A

medially under the angle of the mandible
Second largest and most productive 65% of volume
Serous and Mucos
Whartons Duct opens at sublingual caruncle (floor of the mouth)
Most common in salivary stone formation

26
Q

Sublingual Gland

A

In sublingual fossa andterior to submandibular
Smallest by size and volume
Serous and mucos
Bartholin Duct

27
Q

Minor Salivary Glands

A

Smaller and most numerous. Found in oral tissues
Mainly mucos

28
Q

Von Ebener Glands

A

Circumvallae lingual papilla
Serous Only

29
Q

Lacrimal Glands

A

Lacrimal Fossa or frontal bone
Secrete lacrimal fluid/tears
Nasolacrimal duct (Maxillary and lacrimal bones)

30
Q

Thyroid Gland

A

Below the Hyoid bone and cartilage
2 lobes connected by isthmus
Secretes thyroxine to regulate metabolism
Moves with cartilage when swallowing

31
Q

Parathyroid Gland

A

Below/within thyroid Gland
Secretes Parathyroid Hormone regulating calcium metabolism and phospherous uptake

32
Q

Thymus Gland

A

Inferior to thyroid behind sternum
Secretes Thymosin leading to T-Cell maturation
Shrinks after puberty

33
Q

Central Nervous System

A

brain and spinal cord

34
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

All the nerves outisde the CNS
Sensory and motor neurons

35
Q

Autonomic Nervous Systems

A

Body control that is not consciously directed

36
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

No Control (keeps noral body fuction)
Resting heart rate, digestion, lower blood pressure

37
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

Fight or Flight
Stress, increase heart rate, increase BP
Epi and norepinepherine released

38
Q

Neuron

A

Nerve Cell. Nucleus, Dendrites, Axons.

39
Q

Nerve

A

Collection of Neurons

40
Q

Synapse

A

Allows transmission between neurons or effector organ

41
Q

Ganglion

A

Group of cell bodies in peripheral nervous system

42
Q

Afferent Nerve

A

Carry nerve impulses to the CNS

43
Q

Efferent Nerve

A

Carry impulses away from CNS

44
Q

Olfactory

A

Sensory and smell

45
Q

Optic

A

Sensory and vision

46
Q

Oculomotor

A

Motor, movement of the eye

47
Q

Trochlear

A

Motor, 1 muscle of the eye

48
Q

Trigeminal V1

A

Sensory, Ophthalmic nerve goes through superior orbital fissure. Collects from

49
Q

Tigeminal V2

A

Sensory, goes through foramen rotundum and collects from zygomatic nerve, palatine nerves, superior alveolar nerves

50
Q

Trigeminal V3

A

Mixed and largest of branches. Exits through foramen ovale and collects from buccal, inferior alveolar, muslces of mastication, lingual, auriculotemporal nerve, and mylohyoid nerves

51
Q

Abducens

A

Motor. Lateral movement of the eye

52
Q

Facial

A

Mixed S/M. Saliva, tears, and facial expression. If damaged, bells palsy will occur

53
Q

Vestibularcochlear

A

Sensory. Hearing and equalibrium

54
Q

Glossopharyngeal

A

Mixed. Taste and swallowing and saliva secretion

55
Q

Vagus

A

Mixed. Soft palate, pharynx, larynx

56
Q

Spinal Accessory

A

Motor. trapezius, SCM, soft palate, and pharynx

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