Head and Neck Anatomy Part 2

Question 1

Lymphatic System

Answer 1

Fight disease by ridding body fo toxins

Question 2

Lymph

Answer 2

Tissue fluid that drains to the lymphatic system from surrounding regions

Question 3

Lymph Vessels

Answer 3

Move fluid in one direction

Question 4

Lymph Nodes

Answer 4

Oval shaped organs clustered along vessels. Will not be able to see or palpate in healthy patients

Question 5

Lymphocytes

Answer 5

Filter toxins from lymph and are derived from stem cells in bone Marrow

Question 6

T Cells

Answer 6

Mature in Thymus

Question 7

Thymus

Answer 7

Located behind sternum

Question 8

Lymphadenopathy

Answer 8

Increase in size of lymph node. Indicates infection or disease

Question 9

Tonsils

Answer 9

Masses of lymphoid tissue located in the oral cavity and pharynx. Remove toxins

Question 10

Superficial Cervical Lymph Nodes

Answer 10

Submental: Under the chin and drain chin, lips, apex of tongue, floor of mouth, and drain into submandibular nodes and deep cervical nodes
Submandibular: Drains the cheeks, upper lip, anterior hard palate, body of tongue and all teeth except maxillary third molars and empties into superior deep cervical nodes

Question 11

Deep Cervical Lymph Nodes

Answer 11

Superior Deep: Drains posterior nasal cavity, posterior hard palate, bose of tongue and maxillary third molars and empties intoinferior deep cervical nodes or jugular trunk
Inferior Deep: Drains the posterior part of scalp and neck, part of arm and empties into jugular trunk

Question 12

Occipital Nodes

Answer 12

Drains the scalp and drains into deep cervical nodes

Question 13

Retroauricular Nodes

Answer 13

posterior to the ear

Question 14

Anterior auricular Nodes

Answer 14

Anterior to the ear

Question 15

Superficial parotid nodes

Answer 15

Drains external ear, lacrimal glands, adjacent region of the nodes. Empty into deep cervical nodes

Question 16

Facial Node

Answer 16

Along facial veins. Drains skin where they are located and empties into the submandibular nodes

Question 17

Tonsils

Answer 17

Are not located along lymphatic vessels. All empty into deep cervical nodes

Question 18

Palatine Tonsils

Answer 18

between anterior and posterior pillars

Question 19

Lingual Tonsils

Answer 19

Dorsal surface of the base of the tongue

Question 20

Pharyngeal Tonsils

Answer 20

midline of posterior wall of nasophranyx “adenoids”

Question 21

Tubal Tonsils

Answer 21

nasophraynx, posterior to openings of auditory tube

Question 22

Exocrine Gland

Answer 22

have ducts, empty directly into body locationwhere secretions will be sued

Question 23

Endocrine Gland

Answer 23

No Ducts and empty directly into circulatory system to be transported

Question 24

Parotid Gland

Answer 24

On surface of masseter muscle and pierces buccinator
Largest but only 25% of salivary volume mostly serous.
Stensons Duct and enters near 2nd maxillary molar

Question 25

Submandibur Gland

Answer 25

medially under the angle of the mandible Second largest and most productive 65% of volume Serous and Mucos Whartons Duct opens at sublingual caruncle (floor of the mouth) Most common in salivary stone formation

Question 26

Sublingual Gland

Answer 26

In sublingual fossa andterior to submandibular Smallest by size and volume Serous and mucos Bartholin Duct

Question 27

Minor Salivary Glands

Answer 27

Smaller and most numerous. Found in oral tissues Mainly mucos

Question 28

Von Ebener Glands

Answer 28

Circumvallae lingual papilla Serous Only

Question 29

Lacrimal Glands

Answer 29

Lacrimal Fossa or frontal bone Secrete lacrimal fluid/tears Nasolacrimal duct (Maxillary and lacrimal bones)

Question 30

Thyroid Gland

Answer 30

Below the Hyoid bone and cartilage 2 lobes connected by isthmus Secretes thyroxine to regulate metabolism Moves with cartilage when swallowing

Question 31

Parathyroid Gland

Answer 31

Below/within thyroid Gland Secretes Parathyroid Hormone regulating calcium metabolism and phospherous uptake

Question 32

Thymus Gland

Answer 32

Inferior to thyroid behind sternum Secretes Thymosin leading to T-Cell maturation Shrinks after puberty

Question 33

Central Nervous System

Answer 33

brain and spinal cord

Question 34

Peripheral Nervous System

Answer 34

All the nerves outisde the CNS Sensory and motor neurons

Question 35

Autonomic Nervous Systems

Answer 35

Body control that is not consciously directed

Question 36

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 36

No Control (keeps noral body fuction) Resting heart rate, digestion, lower blood pressure

Question 37

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 37

Fight or Flight Stress, increase heart rate, increase BP Epi and norepinepherine released

Question 38

Neuron

Answer 38

Nerve Cell. Nucleus, Dendrites, Axons.

Question 39

Nerve

Answer 39

Collection of Neurons

Question 40

Synapse

Answer 40

Allows transmission between neurons or effector organ

Question 41

Ganglion

Answer 41

Group of cell bodies in peripheral nervous system

Question 42

Afferent Nerve

Answer 42

Carry nerve impulses to the CNS

Question 43

Efferent Nerve

Answer 43

Carry impulses away from CNS

Question 44

Olfactory

Answer 44

Sensory and smell

Question 45

Optic

Answer 45

Sensory and vision

Question 46

Oculomotor

Answer 46

Motor, movement of the eye

Question 47

Trochlear

Answer 47

Motor, 1 muscle of the eye

Question 48

Trigeminal V1

Answer 48

Sensory, Ophthalmic nerve goes through superior orbital fissure. Collects from

Question 49

Tigeminal V2

Answer 49

Sensory, goes through foramen rotundum and collects from zygomatic nerve, palatine nerves, superior alveolar nerves

Question 50

Trigeminal V3

Answer 50

Mixed and largest of branches. Exits through foramen ovale and collects from buccal, inferior alveolar, muslces of mastication, lingual, auriculotemporal nerve, and mylohyoid nerves

Question 51

Abducens

Answer 51

Motor. Lateral movement of the eye

Question 52

Facial

Answer 52

Mixed S/M. Saliva, tears, and facial expression. If damaged, bells palsy will occur

Question 53

Vestibularcochlear

Answer 53

Sensory. Hearing and equalibrium

Question 54

Glossopharyngeal

Answer 54

Mixed. Taste and swallowing and saliva secretion

Question 55

Vagus

Answer 55

Mixed. Soft palate, pharynx, larynx

Question 56

Spinal Accessory

Answer 56

Motor. trapezius, SCM, soft palate, and pharynx